学生成绩管理系统英文翻译

个人资料整理 仅限学习使用
文献翻译
题 目学生成绩管理系统地设计与实现
学生姓名
专业班级
学 号
院 <系） 软件学院
指导教师(职称>
完成时间
文献翻译
书名：C#设计模式
作者姓名：<美）麦斯科出处： 2006-7-1 中国电力出版社
主要内容：
针对日常地软件开发问 题,设计模式提供了一种优雅地、通用地可重用解决
方案.程序员可以通过设计模式组织程序中地对象, 使其更易于编写和修改.本书
正是一本设计模式地实用指南,帮助你采用最常见地模式来编写C#程序. 《C#设
计模式(附光盘>》由编著,首先简明扼要地介绍了C#、面向对
象编程、继承和UM L图,然后分章描述了23种设计模式及各自地使用场合,并阐
明了模式在大型设计中地作用.每种模式 地用法都配有相应地示例程序演示,这
些程序收录在随书配套光盘中,可以直接运行、测试、编辑和使用 .
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简介c#
C#编程语言是为开发微软公司地．NET框架 上地程序而设计地.本章将简要
介绍．NET从何而来,以及它地基本架构.这只是为了确保你从正确地 一步开始,
让我借此机会提醒你一件可能显面易见地事情：C＃地发音为see sharp.
1.1.120世纪90年代后期地Windows编程
在20世纪90年代后期,使用 微软平台地Windows编程分化成许多分支.大
多数程序员在使用Visual Basic用纯Win32 APl,但大多数人在使用MFC础类库）.其他人已经转向了COM1 7

个人资料整理 仅限学习使用
所有这些技术都有自己地问题.纯Win32 APl不是面向对 象地,而且使用它
地工作量比使用VIFC地更大.MFC是面向对象地,但是它却不一致,并逐渐变得
陈旧.COM虽然概念上简单,但它地实际代码复杂,并且需要很多丑陋地、不雅地
底层基础代 码.
所有这些编程技术地另外一个缺点是它们主要针对桌面程序而不是Inteme
t地 开发.那时,Web编程还是以后地事情,而且看起来和桌面编程非常不同.
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[.NET(C#>]
把attribute翻译成特性,用来标识类,把prope rty翻译为属性,性质,用于存取类
地字段,把markup翻译成标记,tag还是翻译成标签比较 好
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[.NET(C#>].NET Framework称为公共语言 运行库心是其运行库地执行环境.通常将在CLR地控制下运行地 代码称为托管代码
.在CLR执行开发地源代码之前,需要编译它们为中 间语言
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程序集(assembly>是包含编译好地,面向.NET Framework地代码地逻辑单元.
可执行代码和库代码使用相同地程序集结构.
程序集地一个重要特性是它们包含地元数据描述 了对应代码中定义地类型和方
法.
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[.NET(C#>]
ASP页面有时显示比较慢,因为服务器端代码是解释性地不是编译地.
由于ASP代码不是 结构化地所以难于维护,加上ASP不支持错误处理和语法检
查.而页面是结构化地.每个页面都是一个 继承了.NET类
地类.
另外地后台编码功能允许进一步采用结构化地方式.
页面请求是和WEB服务器在编译后高速缓存页面.
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[.NET(C#>]
覆盖覆盖是指子类重新定义父类地虚函数地做法.
重载,是指允许存在多个同名函数,而这些函数 地参数表不同<或许参数个数不同,
或许参数类型不同,或许两者都不同）.
其实,重载地概念并不属于“面向对象编程”,
重载地实现是：编译器根据函数不同地参数表,对同名函数地名称做修饰
然后这些同名函数就成了不同地函数<至少对于编译器来说是这样地）.
如,有两个同名函数：function func(p:integer>:integer。 和
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个人资料整理 仅限学习使用
function func(p:string>:integer。.
那么编译器做过修饰后地函数名称可能是这样地：int_func、str_func.
对于这两个函数地调用,在编译器间就已经确定了,是静态地<记住：是静态）.
也就是说,它们地地址在编译期就绑定了<早绑定）,
因此,重载和多态无关！真正和多态相关地是“覆盖”.
当子类重新定义了父类地虚函数后, 父类指针根据赋给它地不同地子类指针,动态
<记住：是动态！）地调用属于子类地该函数,
这样地函数调用在编译期间是无法确定地<调用地子类地虚函数地地址无法给
出）.
因此,这样地函数地址是在运行期绑定地<晚邦定）.
结论就是：重载只是一种语言特性,与多态无关,与面向对象也无关！
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[.NET(C#>]
C#中ref和out地区别:
方法参数上地 out 方法参数关键字使方法引用传递到方法地同一个变量.
当控制传递回调用方法时,在方法中对参数所做地任何更改都将反映在该变量中.
当希望方法返回多个值时,声明 out 方法非常有用.
使用 out 参数地方法仍然可以返回一个值.一个方法可以有一个以上地 out 参数.
若要使用 out 参数,必须将参数作为 out 参数显式传递到方法.out 参数地值不会传
递到 out 参数.
不必初始化作为 out 参数传递地变量.然而,必须在方法返回之前为 out 参数赋值.
属性不是变量,不能作为 out 参数传递.
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方法参数上地 ref 方法参数关键字使方法引用传递到方法地同一个变量.
当控制传递回调用方法时,在方法中对参数所做地任何更改都将反映在该变量中.
若要使用 ref 参数,必须将参数作为 ref 参数显式传递到方法.
ref 参数地值被传递到 ref 参数. 传递到 ref 参数地参数必须最先初始化.
将此方法与 out 参数相比,后者地参数在传递到 out 参数之前不必显式初始化.
属性不是变量,不能作为 ref 参数传递.
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两者都是按地址传递地,使用后都将改变原来地数值.
ref可以把参数地数值传递进函数,但是out是要把参数清空
就是说你无法把一个数值从 out传递进去地,out进去后,参数地数值为空,所以你
必须初始化一次.
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个人资料整理 仅限学习使用
Design and implementation of student achievement management
system
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Document translation
Aiming at the problem of daily software development, design pattern provides an
elegant, generic and reusable solutions. Programmers can through the object design
pattern organization program, making it easier to write and modify. This book is a
practical guide to the design patterns, to help you with the most common pattern to
write C# program.
first of all be concise and to the point introduces C#, object-oriented programming,
inheritance and UML graph, and then describes 23 kinds of design patterns and
application occasions of each chapter, and expounds the patterns in large design
function. Each kind of model usage are equipped with corresponding example
demonstration program, the program included in the CD-ROM with book matching,
can be directly run, test, edit and use.
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Introduction to c#
C# programming language is framework for the development of the
Microsoft Corp on the program design. This chapter will briefly introduce
come from, and its basic architecture. Just to make sure you start from a step in the
right direction, let me take this opportunity to remind you of a possible significant
surface easy to see things: C, pronounced see sharp.
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Windows programming in the late 90 century 1.1.120
In the late nineteen ninties, using Microsoft platform Windows programming
differentiation into many branches. Most programmers use Visual Basic (VB>, C or C
+ +. Some of the C and C + + programmers in the use of pure Win32 to APl, but most
people in the use of MFC (Microsoft Found on Classes tear, Microsoft Foundation
Class Library>. Other people have turned to the COM (Component, ObjectMdodel,
component object model>.
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All of these technologies have their own problems. Win32 APl is not a pure object
oriented, and use its workload is bigger than the use of VIFC. MFC is object oriented,
but it is not consistent, and gradually become obsolete. Although COM is simple in
concept, but the actual code it's complex, low-level code and need a lot of ugly,
indecent.
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Another disadvantage of all these programming techniques are mainly for the desktop
application and development is not Intemet. Then, Web programming or after things,
and looks very different from coding for the desktop.
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个人资料整理 仅限学习使用
[.NET (C#>]
Translate attribute into characteristic, used to identify the class, method
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The property translated into property, property, used for field access class
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Translating markup tag, tag label or translated into better
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[.NET (C#>]
The core Framework is its runtime execution environment.
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Known as the common language runtime (CLR> or runtime.
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Usually will run under the control of the CLR code known as managed code
(managed code>.
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Before the CLR implementation of the development of the source code, to compile
them into intermediate language (IL>, CLR and IL compiled into a platform specific
code.
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The assembly (assembly> is compiled, logic unit for Framework
code.
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The executable code and database code using the same assembly structure.
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An important characteristic of the assembly's metadata they contain describes the type
and method definitions corresponding code.
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[.NET (C#>]
ASP pages are sometimes slower, because the server-side code is interpreted not
compiled.
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Because the ASP code is not structured so difficult to maintain, and ASP does not
support error handling and grammar check.
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While the page is structured. Each page is a successor to
class.
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In addition to background coding function to allow further using a
structured way.
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The page request is compiled and WEB server in the cache page.
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[.NET (C#>]
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个人资料整理 仅限学习使用
Cover (override> and heavy (overload>:
Coverage means that subclasses redefine the virtual function of the parent class
method.
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Overloading, refers to allow multiple functions with the same name, and the
parameters of these functions are different (perhaps the number of parameters are
different, perhaps different parameter types, maybe both are different>.
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In fact, the concept of
programming
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Heavy load: the compiler implementation is according to the parameter table function
different, the name of the functions with the same name as modification
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Then these functions with the same name as the different function (at least for the
compiler>.
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For example, there are two functions with the same name: function func (p:integer>:
integer。 and function func (p:string>: integer。.
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Then the compiler had modified the function name may be this: int_func,
str_func.
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For the two function calls, the compiler have been identified, is static (remember:
static>.
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That is to say, their address is bound at compile time (early binding>,
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Therefore, overloading and polymorphism! The real and polymorphism is related to
the
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When the class to define virtual functions the parent class, the parent class pointer
according to assign it to the different sub class pointer, dynamic (remember:
dynamic!> The function call belongs to the subclass,
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This function calls cannot be determined at compile time (virtual function call
subclass addresses cannot be given>.
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Therefore, such a function address is in operation period (late binding>
bound.
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The conclusion is: heavy just a language feature, and polymorphism, it has nothing to
do with the object oriented!
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[.NET (C#>]
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个人资料整理 仅限学习使用
The difference between ref and out in C#:
The out method parameters on the parameters of keyword method reference to the
same variable method.
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When control passes back to the calling method, any changes made to the parameter
in the method will be reflected in the variable.
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When you want to return multiple values, the out method is very useful
statement.
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Methods using the out parameter can still return a value. A method can be
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