大学英语新课标新时代第三册unit2thefreedomgivers知识总结讲解学习

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第三册Unit2 The freedom givers
A208第二组

Key Words:
impose: 1) place a (penalty, tax, etc.) officially on .
e.g: The government has made a decision to impose a further tax on wines and spirits.
The local government tried to impose fines on the factories which poured
untreated waste into the river.
2) try to make sb. accept (an opinion or belief)
e.g: I wouldn't want to impose my religious convictions on anyone.
It may not be wise for parents to impose their own tastes on their children.
Liberate: set from (used in the pattern: liberate sb. sth. from)
e.g. The central government authorized $$200 billion to construct new dams to generate ch
eap hydro- electric power. 他被授权发表下列声明
He was authorized to issue the following statement. An authorized agent指定的代理人.
Have authority over…对…有权利 By the authority of 蒙…的许
可 An academic authority 学术权威 Authorities concerned有关当局
exploit: 1)n. brave and adventurous deed or action(usu. pl)功绩，业绩
e.g. The general?s wartime exploits were later made into a film and a television series.
My grandfather entertained us with stories of wartime exploits. vt. 1) to use (esp. a person) unfai
rly for one?s own profit 剥削
e.g. The cruel boss exploited the poor by making them work for less pay.
2) to use or develop (a thing) fully so as to get profit
e.g. to exploit the oil under the sea n. exploitation
disguise:
1) give sb. sth. a false appearance
(used in the pattern: disguise sb. sth. as…) 假扮，伪装
e.g. Mulan disguised herself as a man so she could fight on the battlefield. Jack escaped acro
ss the border disguised as a priest.
2) hide (the real state of things) 伪装，掩饰，隐藏
It is impossible to disguise the fact that the business is bad. 16. in the eyes of: in the opinio
n of , in one?s opinion
e.g. In the eyes of students, Richard is a sensible and reliable teacher.
In the eye of my parents, I?m still a young person although I am already in my
thirties.
peer: look closely or carefully , esp. as if unable to see well ( followed by at
through into, etc.)凝视，盯着看
e.g. She peered through the mist, trying to find the right path. He peered at me over the t
op of his glasses.
He peered into his parents` room and found they were quarrelling.
bid: say, wish ( bid----bid----bid bid----bad----bidden)说，致意
e.g. He bad me good morning as he passed . 2) order or tell 命令，吩咐
naked
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a. having no clothing on the body；nude；having no covering，especially the usual one；
being without addition，concealment，disguise，or embellishment裸体的；无遮盖的，赤裸
裸的；直率的；露骨
的
【辨析】naked，bare，nuke
都含“没有衣物或必需的遮蔽物的”、“赤裸”的意思。naked指“没有必需物遮盖的”、 “全
裸或身体某部分裸的”，语气较强，如：She was completely naked.她一丝不挂。 nude比naked
更正式，只用于人，指“一丝不挂的”、“全裸的”，如：She doesn’t like nude swimming. 她
不喜欢裸泳。 bare指“没遮蔽物的”(指物)、“部分裸体的”(指人)，如：a tree bare of leaves 光
秃秃 的树；bare arms赤臂
transport
v．carry from one place to another；convey．运输；运送
The goods were transported by train．
货物是用火车来运输的。
Trains transport the coal to the ports． 火车把煤运到港口。
abolish
vt. do away with;destroy completely取消；废除；废止；革
除 Should the death penalty be abolished? 应当废除死刑吗?
【辨析】dismiss意为“解散，开除”；abolish意为“废除法律、制度”；elimin ate意为排除，
淘
汰”；dispose意为“处理，处置”，和介词of连用。 译文：我们得把这堆旧报纸和杂志处理
掉。
settlement
1) n. a place where people have come to settle新村落，定居地，拓居
地 These tools ale found in an early Iron Age settlement.
这些工具是在早期石器时代的村落发现的。
2)all agreement or decision ending an argument, question, etc. 争执、问题等的解决；和解
The management has reached a settlement with the union over the pay dispute.
资方与工会就工资纠纷达成了协议。

Key Phrases:
stand up (for)
坚决维护;捍卫 If you stand up for someone or something, you defend them and make your
feelings or opinions very clear.
They stood up for what they believed to be right...他们坚决捍卫自己认为是对的事。
Don't be afraid to stand up for yourself. 要敢于维护自己的权利。
区别：
stand up
(1)(要求或证据)经得起检验，能够成立 If something such as a claim or a piece of evidence
stands up, it is accepted as true or satisfactory after being carefully examined.
He made wild accusations that did not stand up... 他的指控毫无根据，根本站不住脚。
How well does this thesis stand up to close examination? 这个命题经得起推敲吗？
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(2)(男友或女友)爽约，放…的鸽子 If a boyfriend or girlfriend stands you up, they fail to keep an
arrangement to meet you.
We were to have had dinner together yesterday evening, but he stood me up...
我们昨晚本来要一起吃晚饭的，但他爽约了。
He was in a foul mood because he had been stood up. 他因女友爽约而心情不好。
be intent on ( sth.) be eager and determined to (do sth.) 热衷于，坚决要做
on the side as an additional job or source of income; secretly 作为兼职；秘密地
close in (onaround) come near to, esp. in order to attack from several directions; surround接近；
包围
as for with regard to至于
make the best ofaccept an unsatisfactory situation cheerfully and try to manage as well as you can
尽量利用，充分利用
in the eyes of in the opinion of在（某人）看来
at risk threatened by the possibility of loss, failure, etc.; in danger有危险；冒风险
pass for appear like; be accepted or looked upon as被看做；被当成


Useful Expressions
face risks面临危险
impose a fine处以罚款
keep a log of做个记录
road signs路标
a funeral procession出殡队伍
virgin land处女地.


Key Sentences:
1. Josiah Henson is but one name on a long list of courageous men and women who together
forged the Underground Railroad, a secret web of escape routes and safe houses that they used
to liberate slaves from the American South. 乔赛亚·亨森只是一长串无所畏惧的男女名单中的一个名字，这些人共同创建了这条“地下铁
路”， 一条由逃亡线路和可靠的人家组成的用以解放美国南方黑奴的秘密网络。

the heroes of the Underground Railroad remain too little remembered, their exploits still
largely unsung.
因为地下铁路的英雄们依然默默无闻，他们的业绩依然没有多少人颂扬。

Kentucky, where he was now headed, there was a $$1000 reward for his capture, dead or
alive.
在他正前往的肯塔基州，当局悬赏1000美元抓他，无论死了的还是活着的都可以。

4.10 The others made it to the Ohio shore, where Parker hurriedly arranged for a wagon to take
them to the next leg of their journey to safety in
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Canada. Over the course of his life, John Parker guided more than 400 slaves to safety.
其他的人都上了岸，帕克急忙安排了一辆车 把他们带到地下铁路的下一“站”――他们走向安
全的加拿大之旅的第一程。约翰·帕克在有生之年一共 带领400多名黑奴走向安全之地。(leg
= part)

the best of his lot, Henson worked diligently and rose far in his owner's regard.
亨森非常认命，干活勤勉，深受主人器重。(lot = fate)

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