shaggy-清油是什么油
高中英语学科优化课件:名词性从句
一.考点实例:
15年海南高考阅读题A篇:
题目 did the author say he
was fooled into buying the TV set?
got an
older model than he had expected.
couldn’t
return it when it was broken.
could have
bought it at a lower price.
failed to find
any movie shows on it.
15年海南高考阅读题C篇:
Owain James, the president of the National
Union of Students(NUS), argued
that the
increase is evidence of student had ship – young
people are being
forced into earning money
before finishing their education.
“New
students are now aware that they are likely to
leave university up to
£15,000 in debt. It is
not surprising that more and More students are
taking a
gap year to earn money to support
their study for the statistics
show that over
40% of students are forced to work during
term
time and the figure increases to
90% during vacation periods,”he
said.
题目31. How does Owain James feel about the gap-
year phenomenon?
A. He's puzzled.
B. He's worried.
C. He's surprised.
D. He's annoyed.
二.名词是什么?能做什么成分?
Dogs are
friends.
第
1
页 共 16 页
I love dogs.
Ace,an English teacher,works
very hard.
名词可以做 , , ,
,还可以做句子。
三.主语从句=引导词+陈述语序
He wanted to know
_____ the English party. (2010天津中考)
A. when
will we have
B. when would we have
C. when
we would have
引导词 陈述语序
三大从句之——名词性从句
用从句替代名词
? I know a secret. ——我是名词
? I
know that Old Yu has a special kungfu.
?
(That Old Yu has a special Kungfu) is true.
?
I know (that Old Yu has a special Kungfu).
?
The fact is (that Old Yu has a special Kungfu).
? The fact (that Old Yu has a special Kungfu)
is true.
? 名从是一个句子
第
2
页
共 16 页
——我是从句
? 名从是一件事儿
? 名从是一个名词儿
? 名从就是用一个句子
? 表示一件事儿
?
再把它
? 变成
? 一个名词儿
——名从之歌
1.定义:作主语的从句叫主语从句。主语从句在系动词谓语动词之前,有连词衔接。
(That the earth goes around the sun) is known
to all.
(That he will come) made us happy
(Whether Jordan will come) is unknown. 连接词
(Who will come) makes no difference.
(What we need) is more time. 连接代词
(How
this happened) is not clear to anyone.
(When
we shall have our sports meeting) is still a
question. 连接副词
2.形式主语it结构
It's a pity
(that) you missed such a good opportunity.
It's still a question when we shall buy the
new equipment.
It's still unknown whether he
will come or not.
It is said that the
president will visit our company.
It seems
that he has caught a cold.
2.1、主语从句常用it作形式主语,真正的主语放在后面,在口语和非正式文体中that
第
3
页 共 16 页
可省略
2.2、that位于句首时不能省略.
2.3、who,what,which等代词不能用it作形式主语
2.4形式主语it结构主语从句的常用句型:
1) It is + n. +从句
It is a pityshame that... 遗憾的是……
It
is a surprise that…令人惊奇的是…
It is a fact
that… …是事实
It is common
knowledge that… …是常识
*_______________
(很遗憾)we lost the match.
*______________
(这是事实)he cheated in the exam.
2) It is + adj.
+从句
It’s certain that… 肯定…
It is
possible that... 很可能……
It is unlikely
that... 不可能……
It is obvious that… 很明显…
It is necessary important natural... that…
*_________________ (很可能)she will come back
tomorrow.
*_________________ (很明显)this
measure is effective.
3) It +不及物动词+从句
It happened that... 碰巧……
It
occurred to me that…我突然想起…
*________________
(刚好)I came into the office at that time.
*____________________ (我突然想起)I forget to
sent the letter.
第
4
页 共 16 页
4) It + be +过去分词+从句
It is
said that... 据说……
It is known to all
that... 众所周知……
It is reported that... 据报道……
It is believed that...据信……;人们相信……
It is
suggested that + (should)do... 建议……
It must be
admitted that…必须承认……
It cannot be denied
that… 不可否认……
It must be pointed out
that…需指出的是……
*___________________
(据报道)20 people were killed in the accident.
*______________________ (建议)we should eat
more vegetable and do more
exercise.
四.宾语从句
用句子做宾语,且位于谓语或介词之后连词衔接的句子。
1. I
thought I heard them say Welcome to the Hotel
California。
2. A silly boy always says that
there must be a use for my talent.
3. We are
talking about whether we can play football now.
4. 特殊宾语从句:Certain,afraid,satisfied,surprised,g
lad,happy
4.1 I am sure I will pass the exam.
4.2 I am sorry that I have troubles you so
long.
4.3 I am aware that I made a mistake.
2.引导词
第
5
页 共 16 页
3.形式宾语
I find it is
difficult
to practice speaking English
every day
I find it difficult to practice
speaking English every day
I find it difficult
that I practice speaking English every day
He
always takes it for granted that he can pass the
exam.
that不可省略
4.宾语从句的语序
I ask how old
he was and where he was from.
Can you tell me
where the toilet is? 陈述语序
Can you tell me
what is the matterwhat is wrong? 特殊情况
5.注意
I know you aren’t a doctor and that you want
you son to be a doctor in the
future.
并列的第二个宾语从句that不可省略。
He refused to help me
despite the fact that I asked him several times.
介词
后不加that引导的从句。
第
6
页 共 16 页
五.表语从句
系动词后连词衔接的句子
The
fact is that Diaoyu Island origionally belongs to
China.
ThatThisIt is because you crossed the
line.
The reason why he did this is that he
loves her.
六.名词性从句中的(连接词)引导词分类
从属连词
连接代词 连接副词
Whoever did
this job must be rewarded.
第
7
页
共 16 页
主语从句 宾语从句
作及物动词作介词宾语
宾语
表语从句 同位语从句
that
whetherif
一般不省略
放于句首时
用于
whether
可以省略
用
whetherif
均可,有区别
一般不省略 一般不省略 一般不省略
用whether 用whether 用whether
(一)名从=确定的事儿
? 造句方法:直接在句子前面加that
?
翻译方法:不看that,直接翻译
(that Li Hui teaches English)
(that Old Yu has a special Kung fu)
I
know…. Old Yu has a special kung fu. (that)
例:
’s good to know ____ the dogs will be
cared for while we’re away.
A. what
C.
which
B. whose
D. that
did
not regret giving the comment but felt ___ he
could have expressed
it differently. (2012北京)
A. why B. how
C. that
D. whether
(二)名从=不确定的事儿
第
8
页 共 16 页
? 造句方法:直接在句子前面加whetherif
? 翻译方法:是否… …与否
(whetherif Old Yu has a
special Kungfu).
(whetherif it will rain
tomorrow)
Idon’t know…Does Old Yu have a
special Kungfu? (whetherif)
whetherif
PK技巧
If:只能用于宾语从句、有形式主语it的主语从句(放句中)
It is
doubtful whetherif he will come here.
且不能后接不定式,不能和or (not)连用,不能用于discuss后的宾语从句…
whether:当主语从句位于句首;表语从句;同位语从句;
I have no
idea whether the meeting will be held.
The
question is whether the meeting will be held.
总结——两者PK时,先判断能否选whether。
(2012湖南)Everyone
in the village is very friendly. It doesn’t matter
______
you have lived there for a short or a
long time.
A. why B.
how
C. whether D. when
(2012 天津)It doesn‘t matter ___ you turn right
or left at the crossing--both
roads lead to
the park.
A. whether
C. if
B. how
D.
when
It doesn‘t matter ______ you pay by cash
or credit card in the store.
第
9
页 共 16 页
A. how
(三)名从=问题
B. whether
D. why
? (when where why
how who whom which what)
连接副词
连接代词
【注意】当从句部分缺名词时,用连接代词;当从句部分不缺名词的时候,用连接副
词。
(What I think of) is unsure. 我想念什么不确定。
(When I think of you) is unsure.我何时想你不确定。
造句方法:
? Step1:先把中文直译成英语
?
Step2:把疑问词提前when where why how
which what
who whom
I don’t know…What kind of
Kungfu does Old Yu have? (what)
翻译方法:
?
Step1:先翻译除引导词以外的部分
? Step2:加入引导词意思
你什么时候来。
? You when come.
? (when
you come)
? 你来的那个时间
第
10
页 共 16 页
? 他去了哪儿。
? He went
where.
? (where he went)
? 他去的那个地方
? 你为什么学英语。
? You why learn English.
?
(why you learn English)
? 你学英语的那个原因
?
他怎么回的家。
? He how went home
? (how he
went home)
? 他回家的那个方式
? 谁动了我的奶酪。
? who moved my cheese.
? (who moved my
cheese)
? 动了我奶酪的那个人
? 你想和谁一起去。
?
you want to go with whom.
? (whom you want to
go with)
第
11
页 共 16 页
? 你想跟着一起去的那个人
? 你想要哪个
? You want which
? (which you want)
?
你想要的那个
? 你想说什么
?You want to say
what.
? (what you want to say)
? 你想说的那个东西
例:
is not immediately clear _____
the financial crisis will soon be over.
A.
since
C. when
B. what
D. whether
haven’t discussed yet ______ we are going to
place our new furniture.
A. that B. which
C. what D. where
are saying that everyone
should be equal, and this is ______ I
disagree.
A. why B. where C. what D.
how
4.—What did your parents think about your
decision?
—They always let me do ______ I think
I should do.
第
12
页 共 16 页
A. when
C. how
B.
that
D. what
【总结】名从考点:十大引导词
that :这件事
whether :是否…与否.
if:是否…与否.
when :…的那个时候.
Where:… 的那个地方.
why:…的那个原因
how:怎样..的那个方式.
who:…的那个人.
whom:…的那个人.
which:哪个……的其中一个.
what:什么…的那个东西.
That Old Yu has a special kungfu is known to
us all.
Whether Old Yu has a special kungfu is
unknown.
When Old Yu learnt the special kungfu
is unknown.
Where Old Yu learnt the special
kungfu is unknown.
Why Old Yu learnt the
special kungfu is unknown.
How Old Yu learnt
the special kungfu is unknown.
Who has the
special Kungfu is unknown.
第
13
页
共 16 页
Whom Old Yu learned the
Kungfu from is unknown.
Which Kungfu Old Yu
has is unknown.
What kind of kungfu Old Yu has
is unknown
名从解题技巧
1、从句缺名词:用“连代”(注意:90%是what)
2、从句不缺名词:用“连词”或”连副”;
3、确定的事儿:用that
4、表“是否与否”或跟oror not搭配:用whetherif
5、特殊情况时,从句不缺名词也用whatwhich: what problems
which fruit
hat可以在从句中“修饰”名词
? 你想要哪个蛋糕。
? You want which cake
? (which cake you
want)
? 你最喜欢哪种水果。
? you like best what
kind of fruit.
? (what kind of fruit you like
best)
例:
limits of a person’s
intelligence, generally speaking, are fixed at
birth,
but ______ he reaches these limits will
depend on his environment.
A. where
C.
that
B. whether
D. why
can’t figure
out ______ quite a number of insects, birds, and
animals are
第
14
页 共 16 页
dying out.
C. why
B.
as
D. when
3.I want to be liked and
loved for ____ I am inside.
A. who
C.
What
B. where
D. how
4.____ some
people regard as a drawback is seen as a plus by
many others.
A. Whether
B. What
C.
That
D. How
5.I think father would like to
know ______ I’ve been up to so far, so I decide to
send him a quick note.
A. which B. why
C. what D. how
asked ______ they needed most,
the kids said they wanted to feel
important
and loved.
A. what
C. whom
7.实例演练
B. why
D. which
第
15
页
共 16 页
主句……has not yet been
announced.主语从句where the English evening will
be held
Whether意思是“是否”,对应is not sure.
因为what在这里充当宾语,是实词,其他三个都是虚词.
引导主语、宾语或表
语从句时,what在从句中要充当句子成分;而that引导主语、宾语、
表语和同位语从句时,不作
任何成分,只起语法连接作用.
第
16
页 共 16 页