高中定语从句讲解、习题及高考真题

She is a girl.
She is a beautiful girl.
She is a beautiful girl. She is talking to me.
She is a beautiful girl who is talking to me.

The person must pay for it.
He broke the window.

The boy is very clever.
He is wearing the black jacket.

The boy who is wearing the black jacket is very clever.
定语从句。担当形容词的作用，因为用一个形容词表达不了，只能用从句。所以我们经 常说
定语从句起修饰作用。
要会找出句子真正的主干。The boy （先行词）is very clever. Who关系词
关系词的作用：
1) 引导定语从句，连接主句和从句，相当于一个连词；
2) 必在从句中作某个句子成份（可以做主语，宾语，表语，定语，状语）


第一节 关系代词引导的定语从句
一、 关系代词 who, whom 引导的定语从句
who, whom用来代替人。She is a girl who likes me.
She is a girl whom I like.

The pupils who have been watching start to applaud.

The boy whom you saw yesterday is here now.

当先行词在 定语从句中作主语宾语，用who；在定语从句中做宾语，可用whom。作宾语
时连接词可以省略。
省略：she is a girl I like.
The boy you saw yesterday is here now.
She is a beautiful girl who is talking to me. 不可省

只能用whom的情况
This is the girl (who whom) he worked with.
This is the girl with whom he worked.
She is the girl whowhom I have been talking about.
She is the girl about whom I have been talking.
注意：很多时候，宾语也可以用who代替whom；但是不能用who代替who m的情况是关
系代词做介词的宾语。
赞成网络的人认为，它给我们带来了很大的方便和效率。
Those who welcome the internet hold that it brings us great convenience and efficiency.
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强烈反对这种做法的人声称它侵犯了人们基本的工作权利。
Those people who strongly oppose the practice claim that it violates people's basic rights of
working.
那些被父母鼓励参加兼职工作的学生会拥有更多的自信。
The students who are encouraged to take part- time jobs by their parens will possess more
confidence.

For my part, I agree with those who approve of the measures.
对于我而言，我同意那些赞成这些措施的人


二、 关系代词which 引导的定语从句
which指物，在定语从句中做主语或宾语，做宾语时可省略。

被偷走的车找到了
The car which was stolen has been found.

The book which was on the desk was bought by my father.（主语）
The book (which) I bought yesterday is very interesting.（宾语）

The factory (which) his father works in is far from here.
The factory in which his father works is far from here.

The museum is in HZ, it only displays contemporary art.
The lecture was about current economic policy. It was not very easy to learn.

注意：which除了表示物之外，还可以表示婴儿、动物和表示单数意义的集合名词。
The baby (which) the nurse are holding was born yesterday.

三、 that引导的定语从句
that最灵 活，在定语从句中可以指代人或者是物，可以做主语、宾语或者是表语成分，做宾
语表语的时候，通常省 略。

She is a beautiful girl who is talking to me. （that）
She is a girl whom I like. （that）可省略

他是一个会为自己的行为负责的人。
He is the man who that will be responsible for what he did.

你昨天在校园遇到的那群人来自英国。
Those people (that whom who) you met in the campus are from England.

这张就是我在上海照的照片。
This is the picture (that which ) I took in Shanghai.
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Each of the solution I presented has both advantages and disadvantages.
我所提出的每种解决方法有着优点和缺点

( )1. ---Does the teacher know everybody _______ planted the trees?
---Yes, he does. A. which B. whose C. where D. who
( )2. The letter _______ I received from him yesterday is very important.
A. who B. where C. what D. that
( )3. ---Where is the scientist ________ gave us the talk yesterday?
---He has gone back to Qinghua University.
A. whom B. who C. whose D. which
( )4.I hate people _______ talk much but do little.
A. whose B. whom C. which D. who



四、通常只用关系代词that, 不用which, who或是whom的几种情况。

1. 当“先行词”是everything, nothing, something, anything, all, little, few, none等不定代词时，
定语从句常用that引导。

① That’s all that I know. 我知道的就这些。
② Is there anything that you want to buy in town? 你有什么东西要在城里买吗？

李教授已经告诉我们暑假应该做的事情了。
Professor Li has told us something that we should do in the summer vacation.
他知道村子里发生的一切事情。
He knows everything that happened in the village.
All that can be done has been done.
凡能做的事都已经做了。

2. 当先行词被序数词或者形容词最高级修饰时，定语从句常用that引导。
我今晚要做的第一件事情就是给我爸妈写信。
The first thing that I am going to do this evening is to write to my parents.
变形金刚1是最近出品的最有意思的电影。
Transfomers 1 is the most interesting film that has been produced in recent years.

3. 当先行词被no, every, some, any, only, very, much等限定词“所修饰”时，定语从句通常由
that引导。
You can borrow any book that you want to read in our school library.
在我们图书馆，你可以借任何你想读的书。
I can buy any article that I need in America.
在米国，我可以买到我所需要的任何东西。

This is the last thing I will do.
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4.当并列的两个先行词分别表示人与物的时候，定语从句用that引导。
他们在谈论他们拜访过的学校和老师。
They are talking about the teachers and schools that they ever visited.
看在街角的那个人和他的那只驴子。
Look at the man and his donkey that are at the corner.
5. 主句是以who或者which开头的特殊疑问句时候，定语从句只能用that。

站在那边的人是谁？
Who is the person that is standing over there.

Who is the person that is talking with our headmaster?
和我们校长说话的那人是谁？

6. 当关系代词在定语从句中作表语是，只能用that，也可以省去。例：
China is no longer the country that it was.
中国已不是过去的中国了。
He has changed. He was not the man (that) he was 10 years ago.
他变了。他再也不是10年前的他了。


只用which， 不能用that作先行词的情况
（1） 在介词提前到关系代词之前形成“介词＋关系代词”结构来修饰表事物的先行词
时， 关系代词必须用which。例如：
① The house in which we live is very large. 我们住的房子非常大。
② This is the reference book of which the teacher is speaking. 这就是老师正在谈及的那
本参考书。


五、关系代词whose引导的定语从句

My English teacher is leaving. His lectures are very interesting.

whose可以指人或物，指物的时候可以和of which换用。

Is there anyone here whose name is Li Hua? 这儿有叫李华的人吗？（先行词表示人）
The bicycle whose (of which) brake was damaged has now been repaired. 刹车坏了的自行车现
在已被修好。（先行词表示物）

People whose dogs bite others should be responsible for it.
谁的狗狗咬了别人，谁就应该对此负责。



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place _______interested me most was the Children's Palace.
A. Which B. where C. what D. in which
is the hotel _______last month.
A. which they stayed B. at that they stayed
C. where they stayed at D. where they stayed

you know the year ______the Chinese Communist Party was founded?
A. which B. that C. when D. on which

is the day ______I'll never forget.
A. which B. on which C. in which D. when
factory ______we'll visit next week is not far from here.
A. where B. to which C. which D. in which

is one of the best films _______.
A. that have been shown this year B. that have shown
C. that has been shown this year D. that you talked
you lend me the book ______the other day?
A. about which you talked B. which you talked
C. about that you talked D. that you talked
pen ______he is writing is mine.
A. with which B. in which C. on which D. by which
arrived at a farmhouse, in front of ______sat a small boy.
A. whom B. who C. which D. that
engineer ______my father works is about 50 years old.
A. to whom B. on whom C. with which D. with whom
there anyone in your class ______family is in the country?
A. who B. who's C. which D. whose
14.I'm interested in ______you have said.
A. all that B. all what C. that D. which
15.I want to use the same dictionary ______was used yesterday.
A. which B. who C. what D. as
isn't such a man ______he used to be.
A. who B. whom C. that D. as
is good at English, ______we all know.
A. that B. as C. whom D. what
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Ming, ______to the concert enjoyed it very much.
A. I went with B. with whom I went C. with who I went D.I went with him
19.I don't like ______ as you read.
A. the novels B. the such novels C. such novels D. same novels
talked a lot about things and persons ________they remembered in the school.
A. which B. that C. whom D. what
letter is from my sister, ______is working in Beijing.
A. which B. that C. whom D. who
our factory there are 2,000 workers, two thirds of ____are women.
A. them B. which C. whom D. who
're the only person ______I've ever met ______could do it.
A. who; B.; whom C. whom; D.; who
24.I lost a book, ______I can't remember now.
A. whose title B. its title C. the title of it D. the title of that
summer we visited the West Lake, ______Hangzhou is famous in the world.
A. for which B. for that C. in which D. what
26.I have bought such a watch _______ was advertised on TV.
A. that B. which C. as D. it
27.I can never forget the day _______ we worked together and the day ______ we spent
together.
A. when; which B. which; when C. what; that D. on which; when
way ______he looks at problems is wrong.
A. which B. whose C. what D.
is the reason ______he didn't come to the meeting.
A. in which B. with which C. that D. for which
machine, ______for many years, is still working perfectly.
A. after which I have looked B. which I have looked after
C. that I have looked after D. I have looked after
reason ______he didn't come was ______he was ill.
A. why; that why C. for that;that which;what
is working hard, ______will make him pass the final exam.
which
is not the way ______I do it.
A. which which
34.I have two grammars, ______are of great use.
A. all of which B. either of which C. both of that D. both of which
35.I want to use the same tools _______used in your factory a few days ago.
A. as was B. which was C. as were D. which
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neigh bours used to give me a hand in time of trouble, _______ was very kind of
them.
A. who B. which C. that D. it
is the magazine _______ I copied the paragraph.
A. that B. which C. from that D. from which
is not such a man _______ would leave his work half done.
A. that B. which C. who D. as
39. You can depend on whatever promise _______ he makes.
A. B. why C. when D. whose
40. Smoking, _______ is a bad habit, is, however, popular.
A. that B. which C. it D. though
41. --- Did you ask the guard _______ happened?
--- Yes, he told me all _______ he knew.
A. what; that B. what; what C. which; which D. that; that
42. I shall never forget those years _______ I lived on the farm with
the farmers, _______ has a great effect on my life.
A. when; who B. that; which C. which; that D. when; which
43. The number of the people who _______ cars _______ increasing.
A. owns; are B. owns; is C. own; is D. own; are
44. During the days ________, he worked as a servant at the Browns.
A. followed B. following C. to follow D. that followed
45. Is oxygen the only gas _______ helps fire burn?
A. that B. C. which D. it
46. The clever boy made a hole in the wall, _______ he could see _____ was going on
inside house.
A. which; what B. through which; what C. through that; what D. what; that
47. Is _______ some German friends visited last week?
A. this school B. this the school C. this school one D. this school where
48. John got beaten in the game, _______ had been expected.
A. as B. that C. what D. who
49. I have bought two ballpens, _______ writes well.
A. none of them B. neither of them C. neither of which D. none of which
50. All that can be eaten _______ eaten up.
A. are being B. has been C. had been D. have been





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［考题1］ George Orwell, ____ was Eric Arthur, wrote many political novels and essays. （2004
北京）
A. the real name B. what his real name
C. his real name D. whose real name

［考题2］ Look out! Don’t get too close to the house ____ roof is under repair. （2006福建）
A. whose B. which C. of which D. what

［考题3］ Have you seen the film Titanic, ____ leading actor is world famous? （2001上海春）
A. its B. it’s C. whose D. which

4］ Last month, part of Southeast Asia was struck by floods, from ____ effects the people are still
suffering. （2005天津）


1]
Women ____ drink more than two cups of coffee a day have a greater chance of having heart dis
ease than those ____ don’t. （2006北京）
A. who; 不填 B. 不填; who C. who; who D. 不填; 不填


2］ The famous basketball star, ____ tried to make a comeback, attracted a lot of attention. （2002
北京春）
A. where B. when C. which D. who

3］ He is the only one of the students who ____ a winner of scholarship for three years. （2002
上海春）
A. is B. are C. have been D. has been


［考题4］ In the dark street, there wasn’t a single person ____ she could turn for help. （1992）
A. that B. who C. from whom D. to whom

［考题5］ I have many friends, ____ some are businessmen. （2005）
A. of them B. from which C. who of D. of whom

6］ I was told that there were about 50 foreign students ____ Chinese in the school, most ____
were from Germany. （2006辽宁）
A. study; of whom B. study; of them
C. studying; of them D. studying; of whom

7］ We saw several natives advancing towards our party, and one of them came up to us, ____ w
e gave some bells and glasses. （2006湖南）
A. to which B. to whom C. with whom D. with which
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第二节 关系副词引导的定语从句
一、关系副词when, where, why引导的定语从句
when, where和 why引导的定语从句分别表示时间、地点、原因的先行词，并分别在从句中
作时间、地点和原因状语。 “关系副词也可以根据其在句中的搭配关系，换成介词加关系代
词的结构”。
我永远不会忘记上大学的那一天。
I shall never forget the day when on which I entered the university.

那就是我三年前工作过的工厂。
This is the factory where in which I worked three years ago。
这就是我不赞成这个计划的原因。
This is the reason why for which I am not in favor of the plan.

我之所以支持这个观点是有许多原因的。
There are numerous reasons why I hold the opinion.
我曾经读到过一篇文章，里面写到，一些人认为留学会带来更好的就业机会。
I ever read an article, in which some people hold that studing abroad can bring better
opportunity for their future career

Another thing why I dispute the statement above is that I am very sure that studying abroad will
help improve one's language skill.
我为什么质疑以上观点的原因是，我很确定出国读书会帮助提升语言。
广告之所以盛行，是在于他们的信息量很大。
The reason why advertisements are so prevailing is that they are informative.
二、 that作关系副词引导的定语从句
当先行词是表示方式的 the way时，从句用that, in which 来引导或是省略。
我们很钦佩他解决那个问题的方式。
We admired the way he solved the problem.
我不喜欢他看我的方式。
I don’t like the way (that in which) he eyed me.
我不喜欢我们现在学习的方式。
I don't like the way that we are studying.

非限制定从
? Football, which is a popular game, is played all over the wofld.
? 全世界都踢足球，它是一项很受欢迎的运动。
? 艺术项目，作为城市的标志，可以促进当地的旅游业。
? Artistic projects, which are symbols of the city, can boost local turism.
? 运动会将在10月举行，那时气候宜人。
? The sports meeting will be held in October, when the climate is very congenial
[k?n’d?i:nj?l] .
?
? 三、使用非限制性定语从句时应注意的问题
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? 1. That 不能用来引导非限制性定语从句。
? My brother, that had been on a visit to Africa, returned last week.
?
? 在非限制性定语从句中 which 和 whom 常可以和 of 或其他介词连用.
It now has 20,000 hectares of land, more than two-thirds of which are under cultivation.
这有2万公顷的土地，超过三分之二的土地没有耕作。
The buses, most of which were already full, were surrounded by an angry crowd

三、 as和which 引导非限定性定语从句的用法比较
1. which和as都可以引导非限制定语从句。在非限制性定 语从句中which和as都可指代整
个主句意义，也可指代主句中的部分内容。
He married her, as which is natural.
He has to work on Sundays, which he doesn’t like.
When he was deeply absorbed in work, which he often was, he would forget all about eating
or sleeping.

2. which 引导的非限定性定语从句不能位于句首，而as引 导的非限制性定语从句的位置比
较灵活，可在句首、句末或者句中。
As was usual at the weekend, the club was almost empty.
正如往常的周末一样，俱乐部的里几乎是空的。
正如我们预料的那样，他的表演非常精彩。
Her performance was wonderful, as we had expected.

3. as 引导的定语从句常常含有“正如……”之意，而whic h引导的定语从句常有归纳概括的
意思，常译作“这……”
正如所预料的那样，他成功地完成任务。
As was expected, he performed the task with success.
正像他所想的那样，他最终看到了那个女孩子。
As he thought, he saw the girl finally.
他说他以前从未见过她，但这不是真的。
He said that he had never met her, which was not true.
As can be seen from the two graphs that ...
正如这两个图表所显示的那样??



综合练习
1. He’s the man _ was capable of doing such a thing.
a. who b. to whom c. it d. which
2. _ is mentioned above, a lot of work has been done to create man- made material.
a. That b. Whether c. As d. If
3. I know someone else _ father works in Beijing.
a. that b. which c. who d. whose
4. All _ can be done by the doctor is to prolong the patient’s life.
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a. that b. which c. who d. whom
5. In the nuclear power station we use _ generator _ is used in the common steam power station.
a. the same…as b. such…as c. so…as d. as…as
1-5 a, c, d, a, a
6. Listening is not _ a simple thing as it appears to me.
a. so b. too c. as d. such
7. He never stopped trying to do a thing _ to do.
a. which he decide b. that he had decided
c. he decides d. he would decide
8. Can you name a few more electrical appliances _ electricity is used to produce heat?
a. where b. which c. when d. as
9. He studied hard and later become a well- known writer, _ his father had expected.
a. that was what b. it is what
c. which was what d. and which was
10. The train was crowded and I had to get into a carriage_ there were already seven other
people.
a. when b. where c. which d. that
6-10 d, b, a, c, b

Which 非限制性练习题
］ You can find whatever you need at the shopping centre, ____ is always busy at the weekend.
（2006上海春）
A. that B. where C. what D. which

［考题2］ York, ____ last year, is a nice old city. （2003北京）
A. that I visited B. which I visited
C. where I visited D. in which I visited

［考题3］ He paid the boy $$10 for washing ten windows, most of ____ hadn’t been
cleaned for at least a year. （1990）
A. these B. those C. that D. which

［考题4］ The owner of the cinema needed to make a lot of improvements and employ
more people to keep it running, ____ meant spending tens of thousands of pounds. （2006江苏）
A. who B. that C. as D. which

［考题5］ Dorothy was always speaking highly of her role in the play, ____, of course,
made the others unhappy. （2000）
A. who B. which C. this D. what

［考题6］ The result of the experiment was very good, ____ we hadn’t expected.
（2000北京、 安徽春）
A. when B. that C. which D. what
［考题7］ The English play ____ my students acted at the New Year’
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s party was a great success. （2004）
A. for which B. at which C. in which D. on which

［考题8］ I saw a woman running toward me in the dark. Before I could recognize who
she was, she had run back in the direction ____ she had come. （2006重庆）
A. of which B. by which C. in which D. from which

［考题9］ Frank’s dream was to have his own shop ____ to produce the workings of
his own hands. （2005湖南）
A. that B. in which which


［考题10］ I was given three books on cooking, the first ____ I really enjoyed. （2006
浙江）
A. of that B. of which C. that D. which

［考题11］ He was educated at a local grammar school, ____ he went on to Cambridge.
（2005山东）
A. from which B. after that C. after which D. from this



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