城市的英文-parrot是什么意思
1. Much to Live For
[导读]
热爱生活，让生命的体验成为一段美丽的乐符。翻开书页，
睁开双眼、用心体
会这优美的语言和聆听这智慧的声音。
There is so much
I have not been, so much I have not seen. I have
not thought and have not done
or felt enough
-- the early sun, rain and the seasonal delight of
flocks of ducks and geese in flight,
the
mysteries of late-at-night. I still need time to
read a book, write poems, paint a picture, look at
scenes and faces dear to me. There is
something more to be of value-- something I should
find
within myself -- as peace of mind,
patience, grace and being kind. I shall take and I
shall give,
while yet, there is so much to
live for -- rainbows, stars that gleam, the
fields, the hills, the hope,
the dreams, the
truth that one must seek. I'll stay here --
treasure every day and love the world in
my
own way!
[注释]
seasonal delight:
季节性的喜悦
mystery: something that is not fully
understood or that baffles or eludes the
understanding; an
enigma 秘密，谜
grace: A
characteristic or quality pleasing for its
charm魅力，优雅
rainbow: 虹，彩虹
gleam: To emit a
gleam; flash or glow 闪光；闪烁或发光；闪耀
[参考译文]
生命中，有那么多我没经验过，有那么多我没见过。我没有充分想过，做过，或体会过
--
朝阳、雨水、季节性的喜悦来自成群飞翔的野鸭与野雁和那些午夜的神秘。我还需要时
间读书，写诗、作
画、观赏景色与我所爱的脸庞。还有一些东西具有价值 -- 那是我应该发
现在自己内心的 --
心灵的宁静、耐心、优雅、与仁慈。我要接受而且我要施舍，然而还是
有许多可以赖以生活--
彩虹，闪烁的星星、田野、山丘、希望、梦想、人人所追求的真理。
我会在此 --
珍惜每一个时日并且用自我的方式惜爱这个世界！
2．Charles Dickens: A
Tale of Two Cities
[导读]查尔斯-狄更斯，英国大名鼎鼎的作家，是19世纪
英国现实主义文学的主要代表。
他笔耕一生，靠勤奋和汗水创作出《双城记》、《大卫-
科波菲尔》等世界名著。作品艺术上
以妙趣横生的幽默、细致入微的心理分析，以及现实主义描写与浪漫
主义气氛的有机结合著
称。狄更斯在《双城记》一书开头就说，“这是一个最好的时代，也是一个最坏的
时代”。妙
哉斯言（此句经常被引用）！这段文字中多个平行句（句子结构相同）而打动读者。文中句<
br>型的反复、形式上的对偶、内容上的对比、总体结构上的平行（排比），值得仔细体会。
It was the best of times, it was the worst of
times; it was the age of wisdom, it was the age of
foolishness; it was the epoch of belief, it
was the epoch of incredulity; it was the season of
light,
it was the season of darkness; it was
the spring of hope, it was the winter of despair;
we had
everything before us, we had nothing
before us; we were all going direct to Heaven, we
were all
going direct the other way.
[注释]
wisdom：智慧, 明智的行为, 学识
epoch：age, era,
period 新纪元, 时代, 时期
incredulity: 怀疑
despair: to lose all hope绝望, 失望
[参考译文] 这是一个最好的时代，也是一个最坏的时代；这是明智的年代，这是愚昧的年代；这是
信任的纪元，
这是怀疑的纪元；这是光明的季节，这是黑暗的季节； 这是希望的春日，这
是失望的冬日；
我们面前拥有一切，我们面前没有一切； 我们都将直上天堂，我们都将直
下地狱。
3.
Fog
[导读]桑德堡（Carl
Sandburg）的短诗《雾》曾在各种媒体广为传播，是美国人家喻户晓的
名作。
The
fog comes
on little cat feet.
It sits
looking
over harbor and city
on silent
haunches
and then moves on.
[注释]
harbor: 海港
haunch: 腰
[参考译文]
飘过来的雾，
像小猫般轻盈迈步。
坐在港口城市上空，
四周环顾。
悄悄躬一下腰，
又开始赶路……
4． Youth
[导读]《青春》一
文，麦克阿瑟将军生前视之为座右铭，将之精心装裱在自己的桌上；许多
世界名人将其随身携带，以至于
皱折不堪。一位日本研究专家说“在日本实业界，凡有所成
就，都熟知这篇短文”。它给予了一种启示，
教我们如何美好的生活。20世纪初塞缪尔·厄
尔曼（Samuel Ullman）写的这篇不足50
0字的短文《青春》一直为世人倾倒，过了这么多
年它的魅力依旧；他1840生于德国，童年时移居美
国。他在古稀之年才开始写作，是一个
了不起的人。
Youth is not a
time of life; it is a state of mind; it is not a
matter of rosy cheeks, red lips and
supple
knees; it is a matter of the will, a quality of
the imagination, a vigor of the emotions; it is
the freshness of the deep springs of life.
Youth means a temperamental predominance of
courage over timidity of the appetite, for
adventure over the love of ease. This often
exists in a man of sixty more than a boy of
twenty.
Nobody grows old merely by a number of
years. We grow old by deserting our ideals.
Years may wrinkle the skin, but to give up
enthusiasm wrinkles the soul. Worry, fear, self-
distrust
bows the heart and turns the spirit
back to dust.
Whether sixty or sixteen, there
is in every human being's heart the lure of
wonder, the unfailing
child-like appetite of
what's next, and the joy of the game of living. In
the center of your heart and
my heart there is
a wireless station; so long as it receives
messages of beauty, hope, cheer, courage
and
power from men and from the infinite, so long are
you young.
When the aerials are down, and
your spirit is covered with snows of cynicism and
the ice of
pessimism, then you are
grown old, even at twenty, but as long as your
aerials are up, to catch the
waves of
optimism, there is hope you may die young at
eighty.
[注释]
rosy cheeks: 红扑扑的脸庞
supple: 柔软的
vigor: 精力, 活力
temperamental: 心情变化快的, 喜怒无常的
predominance:
优势
timidity: shy 胆怯，害羞的
appetite: 食欲, 胃口,
欲望, 爱好
desert: 放弃, 遗弃
wrinkle: 起皱
enthusiasm: great excitement for or interest
in a subject or cause狂热, 热心, 积极性
bow: 鞠躬, 弯腰,
屈服, 屈从
wireless: 无线的
infinite: having no
limits 无限的，无穷的
aerials: 天线
cynicism: 玩世不恭,
冷嘲热讽
pessimism: 悲观, 悲观主义
optimism：乐观
5． David Copperfield （Chapter 11
）
[导读]本段选自狄更斯（Charles Dickens）的《大卫·科菲坡尔》。作者极尽细节描
写之能
事，将David眼中第一次见到描述得形象鲜明，跃然纸上。尤其是脸部的描写细致生动，让<
br>人一见难忘。
I went in, and found there a
stoutish, middle-aged person, in a brown surtout
and black tights
and shoes, with no more hair
upon his head which was a large one, and very
shining than there is
upon an egg, and with a
very extensive face, which he turned full upon me.
His clothes were
shabby, but he had an
imposing shirt-collar on. He carried a jaunty sort
of stick, with a large pair
of rusty tassels
to it; and a quizzing-glass hung outside his coat
– for ornament, I afterwards
found, as
he very seldom looked through it, and couldn’t see
anything when he did.
[注释]
stoutish: 肥胖的,
体形臃肿的
surtout: 男用外套或大衣
tights: 贴身衬衣
extensive: Large in extent, range, or
amount广阔的, 宽的
shabby: 破旧的, 褴褛的
imposing:
给人印象深刻的, 使人难忘的
jaunty: 感到自满的, 洋洋得意的
rusty:
生了锈的
tassels: 穗, 缨
ornament: 装饰物
6．
She Walks in Beauty
[导读]她走在美的光彩中，像夜晚；皎洁无云而且繁星满
天。有人理解为赞美爱人的美丽，
有的人则认为是一种意境的呈现。无论从什么角度去欣赏它，这首诗都
那么的美，那么的打
动人心。诵读时注意诗歌的用韵，每行结尾压韵的单词要重读。
She walks in beauty, like the night
Of
cloudless climes and starry skies;
And all
that's best of dark and bright
Meet in her
aspect and her eyes:
Thus mellow'd to that
tender light
Which heaven to gaudy day denies.
George Gordon Byron: She Walks in Beauty
[注释]
G. G. Byron：拜伦，英国浪漫时期的诗人，著有长诗”
clime: 气候；地方
starry: 布满星星的
mellow:
soft, sweet, juicy, and full-flavored
柔和、柔软的、甜蜜的；芳醇的。
mellow'd=mellowed,
mellow'd是古英语拼法。
tender: 温柔的, 柔嫩的
gaudy: a
feast or festival; called also gaud-day and gaudy
day.
deny: to give a refusal to; turn
down or away 拒绝
[参考译文]
她走在美的光彩中，像夜晚
皎洁无云而且繁星满天
明与暗的最美妙的色泽
在她的仪容与秋波里呈现
彷佛是晨露映出的阳光
但比那光亮柔和而幽暗。
7． Great
Expectations
[导读]下面的一段选自查尔斯·狄更斯（Charles Dicken
s）的《远大前程》（1860－
1861），这是他比较晚期的作品。狄更斯经历了丰富的人间生活后
，对人，对周围环境，对
自己的生活经历都有了深刻的认识，而所有他成熟的思想认识都汇总在《远大前
程》一书中。
Great Expectations，意思是指一笔遗产，中文有的译为“远大前程
”（有的译作
“孤星血泪”）。这个译名给读者一种印象，即作品的主人公是有远大前程的。而事实上，
这个“远大前程”是带讽刺意义的，这部作品的主题决非仅仅是写孤儿皮普想当上等人的理
想幻
灭的故事，如果这样理解，就领会错了狄更斯创作这部作品的意义。皮普生活在姐姐家
里，生活艰苦，他
的理想是当一名像姐夫一样的铁匠，他没有想当上等人。后来他之所以想
当上等人是因为环境的改变。狄
更斯的哲学思想之一是环境对人思想的影响。不同的环境可
以造就成不同的人。皮普的整个发展过程是符
合一般人性理论的。
这部作品的语言可谓是出神入化，要学习英国语言，这是一本典范。狄更斯的作品
不矫
揉造作，不选用那些华而不实的词语。他的用词都简单明了，朴实易懂。所以文字读来朴实
无华，如行云流水。
As the night was fast falling,
and as the moon, being past the full, would not
rise early, we held a
little council: a short
one, for clearly our course was to lie by at the
first lonely tavern we could
find. So, they
plied their oars once more, and I looked out for
anything like a house. Thus we
held on,
speaking little, for four or five dull miles. It
was very cold, and, a collier coming by us,
with her gallery-fire smoking and flaring,
looked like a comfortable home. The night was as
dark
by this time as it would be until
morning; and what light we had, seemed to come
more from the
river than the sky, as the oars
in their dipping stuck at a few reflected stars.
[注释]
council：An assembly of persons called
together for consultation, deliberation, or
discussion讨论
会议
tavern：酒馆, 客栈
plied
their oars：使劲划起桨来
collier：运煤船
gallery-
fire：厨房
[参考译文] 孤星血泪
天黑得很快，偏巧这天又是下弦月，月亮不会很早
升起。我们就稍稍商量了一下，可是也用
不到多讨论，因为情况是明摆着的，再划下去我们一遇到冷落的
酒店就得投宿。于是他们又
使劲打起桨来，我则用心寻找岸上是否隐隐约约有什么房屋的模样。这样又赶
了四五英里路，
一路上好不气闷，大家简直不说一句话。天气非常冷，一艘煤船从我们近旁驶过，船上厨
房
里生着火，炊烟缕缕，火光荧荧，在我们看来简直就是个安乐家了。这时夜色已经黑透，看
来
就要这样一黑到天明，我们仅有的一点光亮，是乎不是来自天空，而是来自河上，一桨又
一桨的，搅动着
那寥寥几颗倒映在水里的寒星。
8． SEPTEMBER
[导读]
海伦·亨特·杰克逊（Helen Hunt Jackson 1830-1885）是位多产的女作家，主要
以同情印第安人、维护印第安人利益的作品为人们喜爱。九月是收获的季节,
累累的果实压
弯了枝头。
The golden-rod is yellow;
The corn is turning brown;
The trees in
apple orchards
With fruit are bending down.
The gentian's bluest fringes
Are curling
in the sun;
In dusty pods the milkweed
Its
hidden silk has spun.
The sedges flaunt
their harvest,
In every meadow nook;
And
asters by the brook-side
Make asters in the
brook,
From dewy lanes at morning
The
grapes' sweet odors rise;
At noon the roads
all flutter
With yellow butterflies.
By
all these lovely tokens
September days are
here,
With summer's best of weather,
And
autumn's best of cheer.
But none of all this
beauty
Which floods the earth and air
Is
unto me the secret
Which makes September fair.
'T is a thing which I remember;
To name it
thrills me yet:
One day of one September
I
never can forget.
[注释]
golden-rod:秋麒麟草。在八
、九月的开花期里，枝头会长满金黄色的小花。它的树枝宛如金
色的鞭子一般，这就是它的英文名字“黄
金鞭”的由来。
orchards：果园, 果园里的全部果树
bend：弯曲
gentian's bluest fringes：龙胆根的蓝蓝的须
pods：扁豆层, 豆荚
milkweed：乳草属植物
spun：spin的过去式和过去分词；旋转, 纺, 纺纱
sedges：[植]莎草
flaunt：挥动, 飘扬
nook：隐蔽处
asters：[植]紫苑
lane：（乡间）小路, 巷, 里弄
odors：气味
flutter：鼓翼,飞舞。 At noon the roads all flutter
with yellow butterflies (蝴蝶).
9． Jane
Eyre
[导读]夏洛蒂·勃朗特(Charlotte Bronte)的《简爱》通过简·爱的自
述，描绘的是一个出身贫苦
家庭，长相平凡，无依无靠的女家庭教师的曲折遭遇。简，成为纯洁、热情、
坦率、爱好真
理，敢于追求幸福的女性的象征，因而形象鲜明。作品成功之处还在于作者在对人性的描述
中，我们隐约看到了自己，卑劣或美丽的人性，而觉得心有戚戚焉。
“难道就因为我一贫如
洗、默默无闻、长相平庸、个子瘦小，就没有灵魂和心肠了?——你
不是想错了吗?——我的心灵跟你一
样丰富，我的心胸跟你一样充实! 要是上帝赐予我一点
姿色和财富，我会使你难以离开我，就像现在我
很难离开你一样，我不是根据习俗、常规，
甚至也不是血肉之躯同你说话，而是我的灵魂同你的灵魂在对
话，就仿佛我们两人穿过坟墓，
站在上帝脚下，彼此平等——本来就如此!”
这一段是绝对的经典，无需多言，不敢掠美。
'No: you must stay! I
swear it - and the oath shall be kept'
'I
tell you I must go! 'I retorted, roused to
something like passion. 'Do you think I can stay
to become nothing to you? Do you think I am an
automaton? - a machine without feeling? and
can bear to have my morsel of bread snatched
from my lips，and my drop of living water dashed
from my cup? Do you think, because I am poor,
obscure, plain, and little, I am soulless and
heartless? You think wrong! - I have as much
soul as you, - and full as much heart! And if God
had gifted me with some beauty and much
wealth, I should have made it as hard for you to
leave
me, as it is now for me to leave you. I
am not talking to you now through the medium of
custom,
conventionalities， nor even of mortal
flesh: - it is my spirit that addresses your
spirit; just as if
both had passed through the
grave, and we stood at God's feet, equal, - as we
are!'
[注释]
swear: 发誓
oath: 誓言
retort: 反驳, 反击
automaton: 机器人
morsel:
(食物)一口, 少量
snatch: 攫取
dash: 泼溅
obscure: 身份卑微的
conventionality: 惯例, 俗套,
老一套
mortal: 人类的
grave: 墓穴, 坟墓
10．THE GARDEN OF EDEN
[导读]《圣经》是从希腊文的biblia而来的，意思就是“书丛”。 圣经分为两部分： 旧约和新约，包括诗歌、法律、历史、预言、训诲、故事、书信等文体。旧约是希伯来人出离
埃及时，
上帝（耶和华）与人类（希伯来人）所立的旧的盟约以及此盟约的兑现。所谓“约”，
即“约定”的意思
。新约是上帝与人类所立的新的盟约，这盟约是以耶稣的圣训和他的生活
为基础。下面是圣经故事《创世
纪》中的一段。
GOD had made a beautiful garden for
the first man and woman to live in. The garden,
called Eden,
was full of many wonderful
things. Flowers as beautiful to look at as they
were to smell grew
everywhere. Soft, green
grass grew under foot. The joyful music of
songbirds drifted across
gentle, warm breezes.
A clear flowing stream gave cool, fresh water to
drink, while hanging from
the limbs of the
many trees were all sorts of delicious fruits.
Tasty vegetables grew free for the
gathering.
In the Garden of Eden were also all manner of
animals, both large and small. Adam
and Eve
didn't have to be afraid of any of the beasts, for
all the animals were their friends. GOD
told
the man and woman that it was their job to take
care of their new home. He also told them
that
two special trees grew in the garden. One was the
Tree of Life. The other was the Tree of the
Knowledge of Good and Evil.
GOD told them,
may eat the fruit that grows on all the trees
except for one. You mustn't
touch the fruit
that grows on the Tree of the Knowledge of Good
and Evil. If you eat the fruit that
grows on
that tree you will die.
[注释]
Eden:
[圣经]伊甸园, 乐园
drift: something moving along in a
current of air or water 飘；漂流
breeze：微风
Adam and Eve：亚当和夏娃(《圣经》故事人物,所谓人类始祖)