值此之际-maximize
''
2018年6月大学英语四级真题(第1套)
Part I
Writing (30 minutes)
Directions: For this part, you are allowed
30minutes to write a short essay on the importance
of reading ability and how to develop it. You
should write at least 120 words but no more
than
180 words.
___________________________
_____________________________________________
__________________________________________________
______________________
_______________________
_________________________________________________
Part II Listening Comprehension
(25 minutes)
Section A
Directions: In this
section, you will hear three news reports. At the
end of each news report, you
will hear two or
three questions. Both the news report and the
questions will be spoken only
once. After you
hear a question, you must choose the best answer
from the four choices
marked A), B), C) and
D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer
Sheet 1 with a
single line through the centre.
Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news report
you have just heard.
1. A) The return of a
bottled message to its owner's daughter.
B) A
New Hampshire man's joke with friends on his wife.
C) A father's message for his daughter.
D)
The history of a century-old motel.
2. A) She
wanted to show gratitude for his kindness.
B)
She wanted to honor her father's promise.
C)
She had been asked by her father to do so.
D)
She was excited to see her father's handwriting.
Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report
you have just heard.
3. A) People were
concerned about the number of bees.
B) Several
cases of Zika disease had been identified.
C)
Two million bees were infected with disease.
D) Zika virus had destroyed some bee farms.
4. A) It apologized to its customers.
B)
It was forced to kill its bees.
C) It lost a
huge stock of bees.
D) It lost 2.5 million
dollars.
Questions 5 to 7 are based on the
news report you have just heard.
5. A) It
stayed in the air for about two hours.
B) It
took off and landed on a football field.
C) It
proved to be of high commercial value.
D) It
made a series of sharp turns in the sky.
6. A)
Engineering problems.
B) The air pollution it
produced.
''
C) Inadequate funding.
D) The opposition from the military.
7. A)
It uses the latest aviation technology.
B) It
flies faster than a commercial jet.
C) It is a
safer means of transportation.
D) It is more
environmentally friendly.
Section B
Directions: In this section, you will hear two
long conversations. At the end of each
conversation, you will hear four questions.
Both the conversation and the questions will
bespo
ken only once. After you hear a question,
you must choose the best answer from the four
choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark
the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1with
a single line through the centre.
Questions 8 to 11 are based on the
conversation you have just heard.
8. A) It
seems a depressing topic.
B) It sounds quite
alarming.
C) It has little impact on our daily
life.
D) It is getting more serious these
days.
9. A) The man doesn't understand
Spanish.
B) The woman doesn't really like
dancing.
C) They don't want something too
noisy.
D) They can't make it to the theatre in
time.
10. A) It would be more fun without Mr.
Whitehead hosting.
B) It has too many acts to
hold the audience's attention.
C) It is the
most amusing show he has ever watched.
D) It
is a show inappropriate for a night of charity.
11. A) Watch a comedy.
B) Go and see the
dance.
C) Book the tickets online.
D) See
a film with the man.
Questions 12 to 15 are
based on the conversation you have just heard.
12. A) Most of her schoolmates are younger
than she is.
B) She simply has no idea what
school to transfer to.
C) There are too many
activities for her to cope with.
D) She
worries she won't fit in as a transfer student.
13. A) Seek advice from senior students.
B) Pick up some meaningful hobbies.
C)
Participate in after-school activities.
D)
Look into what the school offers.
14. A) Give
her help whenever she needs it.
B) Accept her
as a transfer student.
C) Find her
accommodation on campus.
D) Introduce her to
her roommates.
15. A) She has interests
similar to Mr. Lee's.
B) She has become
friends with Catherine.
''
C) She
has chosen the major Catherine has.
D) She has
just transferred to the college.
Section C
Directions: In this section, you will hear
three passages. At the end of each passage, you
will
hear three or four questions. Both the
passage and the questions will be spoken only
r you hear a question, you must choose the
best answer from the four choices marked A),B),
C)
and D). Then mark the corresponding letter
on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line
through
the centre.
Questions 16 to 18 are based on
the passage you have just heard.
16. A) To
investigate how being overweight impacts on
health.
B) To find out which physical drive is
the most powerful.
C) To discover what most
mice like to eat.
D) To determine what
feelings mice have.
17. A) When they are
hungry.
B) When they are thirsty.
C) When
they smell food.
D) When they want company.
18. A) They search for food in groups.
B)
They are overweight when food is plenty.
C)
They prefer to be with other mice.
D) They
enjoy the company of other animals.
Questions
19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just
heard.
19. A) Its construction started before
World War I.
B) Its construction cost more
than $$ 40 billion.
C) It is efficiently used
for transport.
D) It is one of the best in the
world.
20. A) To improve transportation in the
countryside.
B) To move troops quickly from
place to place.
C) To enable people to travel
at a higher speed.
D) To speed up the
transportation of goods.
21. A) In the 1970s.
B) In the 1960s.
C) In the 1950s.
D)
In the 1940s.
Questions 22 to 25 are based on
the passage you have just heard.
22. A)
Chatting while driving.
B) Messaging while
driving.
C) Driving under age.
D)
Speeding on highways.
23. A) A gadget to hold
a phone on the steering wheel.
B) A gadget to
charge the phone in a car.
C) A device to
control the speed of a vehicle.
D) A device to
ensure people drive with both hands.
24. A)
The car keeps flashing its headlights.
''
B) The car slows down gradually
to a halt.
C) They are alerted with a light
and a sound.
D) They get a warning on their
smart phone.
25. A) Installing a camera.
B) Using a connected app.
C) Checking their
emails.
D) Keeping a daily record
Part
Ⅲ Reading Comprehension (40
minutes)
Section A
Directions: In this
section, there is a passage with10 blanks. You are
required to select one word
for each blank
from a list of choices given in a word bank
following the passage. Read the
passage
through carefully before making your choices. Each
choice in the bank is identified
by a letter.
Please mark the corresponding letter for each item
on Answer Sheet 2 with a
single line through
the centre. You may not use any of the words in
the bank more than once.
An office tower on
Miller Street in Manchester is completely covered
in solar panels.
They are used to create some
of the energy used by the insurance company
inside. When the
tower was first __26__ in
1962, it was covered with thin square stones.
These small square
stones became a problem for
the building and continued to fall off the face
for 40 years until
a major renovation was
__27__ . During this renovation the building's
owners, CIS, __28__
the solar panel company,
Solar century. They agreed to cover the entire
building in solar
panels. In 2004, the
completed CIS tower became Europe's largest __29__
of vertical solar
panels. A vertical solar
project on such a large __30__ has never been
repeated since.
Covering a skyscraper with
solar panels had never been done before, and the
CIS tower
was chosen as one of the best green
energy projectsFor a long time after this
renovation project, it was the tallest
building in the United Kingdom, but it was __31__
overtaken by the Mill bank Tower.
Green
buildings like this aren't __32__ cost-efficient
for the investor, but it does produce
much
less pollution than that caused by energy __33__
through fossil fuels. As solar panels
get
__34__ , the world is likely to see more
skyscrapers covered in solar panels, collecting
energy much like trees do. Imagine a world
where building the tallest skyscraper wasn't a
race of __35__ , but rather one to collect the
most solar energy.
A) cheaper B) cleaner C)
collection D) competed E) constructed F) consulted
G) dimension H) discovered I) eventually J)
height K) necessarily L) production
M) range
N)scale O) undertaken
Section B
Directions: In this section, you are going to
read a passage with ten statements attached to
it. Each statement contains information given
in one of the paragraphs. Identify the
paragraph from which the information is
derived. You may choose a paragraph more than
once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter.
Answer the questions by marking the
corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.
''
Some College Students
Are Angry That They Have to Pay to Do Their
Homework
A) Digital learning systems now
charge students for access codes needed to
complete coursework,
take quizzes, and turn in
homework. As universities go digital, students are
complaining of a
new hit to their finances
that's replacing—and sometimes joining—expensive
textbooks:
pricey online access codes that are
required to complete coursework and submit
assignments.
B) The codes—which typically
range in price from $$ 80 to $$ 155 per course—give
students online
access to systems developed by
education companies like McGraw Hill and Pearson.
These
companies, which long reaped big profits
as textbook publishers, have boasted that their
new
online offerings, when pushed to students
through universities they partner with, represent
the
future of the industry.
C) But
critics say the digital access codes represent the
same profit-seeking ethos (观念) of the
textbook
business, and are even harder for students to opt
out of. While they could once buy
second-hand
textbooks, or share copies with friends, the
digital systems are essentially
impossible to
avoid.
D) 垄
断), a new way to lock
students around this system,
advocate for the
U.S. Public Interest Research Group, to BuzzFeed
News.
(for a print textbook) you're paying $$
120,said Senack. because it's all digital it
eliminates the used book market and eliminates
any sharing and because homework and tests
are
through an access code, it eliminates any ability
to opt out.
E) Sarina Harpet, a 19-year-
old student at Virginia Tech, was faced with a
tough dilemma when
she first started college
in 2015—pay rent or pay to turn in her chemistry
homework. She told
BuzzFeed News that her
freshman chemistry class required her to use
Connect, a system
provided by McGraw Hill
where students can submit homework, take exams and
track their
grades. But the code to access the
program cost $$ 120—a big sum for Harper, who had
already
put down $$ 450 for textbooks, and had
rent day approaching.
F) She decided to
wait for her next work-study paycheck, which was
typically $$ 150- $$ 200, to
pay for the code.
She knew that her chemistry grade may take a dive
as a result. a
balancing act,
first two
assignments for chemistry, which started her out
in the class with a failing grade.
G) The
access codes may be another financial headache for
students, but for textbook businesses,
they're
the future. McGraw Hill, which controls 21% of the
higher education market, reported
in March
that its digital content sales exceeded print
sales for the first time in 2015. The
company
said that 45% of its $$ 140 million revenue in 2015
derived from digital
products.
H) A
Pearson spokesperson told BuzzFeed News that
''
good investment
expert
videos. Its digital course materials save students
up to 60% compared to traditional
printed
textbooks, the company added. McGraw Hill didn't
respond to a request for comment,
but its CEO
David Levin told the Financial Times in August
that
of the printed textbook is now over.
I) The textbook industry insists the online
systems represent a better deal for students.
digital products aren't just mechanisms for
students to submit homework, they offer all kinds
of features,
of American Publishers, told
BuzzFeed News.
can't do with print homework
assignments.
J) David Hunt, an associate
professor in sociology at Augusta University,
which has rolled out
digital textbooks across
its math and psychology departments, told BuzzFeed
News that he
understands the utility of using
systems that require access codes. But he doesn't
require his
students to buy access to a
learning program that controls the class
assignments.
things as inexpensive as
possible,
but designs his own curriculum.
like I'm giving up control. The discussions
are the things where my expertise can benefit the
students most.
K) A 20-year-old junior
at Georgia Southern University told BuzzFeed News
that she normally
spends $$ 500-$$ 600 on access
codes for class. In one case, the professor didn't
require students
to buy a textbook, just an
access code to turn in homework. This year she
said she spent $$ 900
on access codes to books
and programs.
any of it back. With a
traditional textbook you can sell it for $$ 30 - $$
50 and that helps to pay
for your new
semester's books. With an access code, you're out
of that money.
L) Benjamin Wolverton, a
19-year-old student at the University of South
Carolina, told BuzzFeed
News that
these
access codes to do our homework.
required
simply to complete homework or quizzes. it's only
10% of your grade in
said. paying so much
money for something that hardly affects your
grade—but if you didn't have it, it would
affect your grades enough. It would be bad to
start
out at a B or C.
this semester.
M) Harper, a poultry (家禽) science major, is
taking chemistry again this year and had to buy a
new access code to hand in her homework. She
rented her economics and statistics textbooks
for about $$ 20 each. But her access codes for
homework, which can't be rented or bought
second-hand, were her most expensive
purchases: $$ 120 and $$ 85.
''
N) She still remembers the sting
of her first experience skipping an assignment due
to the high
prices.
miss it. I just got
zeros on a couple of first assignments. I managed
to pull everything back up.
But as a scared
freshman looking at their grades, it's not
fun.
36. A student's yearly expenses on
access codes may amount to their rent for two
months.
37. The online access codes may be
seen as a way to tie the students to the digital
system.
38. If a student takes a course again,
they may have to buy a new access code to submit
their
assignments.
39. McGraw Hill
accounts for over one-fifth of the market share of
college textbooks.
40. Many traditional
textbook publishers are now offering online
digital products, which they
believe will be
the future of the publishing business.
41. One
student complained that they now had to pay for
access codes in addition to the high
tuition.
42. Digital materials can cost students less
than half the price of traditional printed books
according to a publisher.
43. One student
decided not to buy her access code until she
received the pay for her part-time job.
44.
Online systems may deprive teachers of
opportunities to make the best use of their
expertise
for their students.
45. Digital
access codes are criticized because they are
profit-driven just like the textbook
n C
Directions: There are 2 passages in this
section. Each passage is followed by some
questions
or unfinished statements. For each
of them there are four choices marked A), B), C)
and
D). You should decide on the best choice
and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet2
with a single line through the centre.
Passage One
Questions 46 and 50 are based
on the following passage.
Passage One
Questions 46 to 50 are based on the following
passage.
Losing your ability to think and
remember is pretty scary. We know the risk of
dementia (痴
呆症) increases with age. But if you
have memory slips, you probably needn't worry.
There are
pretty clear differences between
signs of dementia and age-related memory loss.
After age 50, it's quite common to have
trouble remembering the names of people, places
and
things quickly, says Dr. Kirk Daffner of
Brigham and Women's Hospital in Boston.
The brain ages just like the rest of the body.
Certain parts shrink, especially areas in the
brain
that are important to learning, memory
and planning. Changes in brain cells can affect
communication between different regions of the
brain. And blood flow can be reduced as blood
vessels narrow.
''
Forgetting the name of an actor in a favorite
movie, for example, is nothing to worry about.
But if you forget the plot of the movie or
don't remember even seeing it, that's far more
concerning,
Daffner says.
When you
forget entire experiences, he says, that's
may
be ting how to operate a familiar object like a
microwave oven, or
forgetting how to drive to
the house of a friend you've visited many times
before can also be signs
of something going
wrong.
But even then, Daffner says,
people shouldn't panic. There are many things that
can cause
confusion and memory loss, including
health problems like temporary stoppage of
breathing
during sleep, high blood pressure,
or depression, as well as medications (药物) like
antidepressants.
You don't have to
figure this out on your own. Daffner suggests
going to your doctor to check
on medications,
health problems and other issues that could be
affecting memory. And the best
defense against
memory loss is to try to prevent it by building up
your brain's cognitive (认知的)
reserve, Daffner
says.
ways,
because exercise is a
known brain booster.
does the author say
that one needn't be concerned about memory slips?
all of them are symptoms of dementia.
occur only among certain groups of people.
all of them are related to one's age.
are
quite common among fifty-year-olds.
happens
as we become aged according to the passage?
interaction skills deteriorate.
parts of our
brain stop functioning.
ication within our
brain weakens.
whole brain starts shrinking.
memory-related symptom should people take
seriously?
y forgetting how to do one's daily
routines.
ity to recall details of one's life
experiences.
e to remember the names of movies
or actors.
onally confusing the addresses of
one's friends.
should people do when signs of
serious memory loss show up?
the brain's
cognitive reserve.
medications affecting
memory.
to a professional for assistance.
se to improve their well-being.
is Dr.
Daffner's advice for combating memory loss?
''
regular physical and mental
checkups.
medicine that helps boost one's
brain.
ng in known memory repair activities.
g active both physically and e Two
Passage Two
Questions 51 to 55 are based
on the following passage.
A letter written by
Charles Darwin in 1875 has been returned to the
Smithsonian Institution
Archives (档案馆) by the
FBI after being stolen twice.
realized in
the mid-1970s that it was missing,says Effie
Kapsalis, head of the
Smithsonian Insitution
Archives. 实习生),
from what the FBI is telling
us. Word got out that it was missing when someone
asked to see the
letter for research
purposes,
again once nobody was watching
it.
Decades passed. Finally, the FBI
received a tip that the stolen document was
located very
close to Washington, D.C. Their
art crime team recovered the letter but were
unable to press
charges because the time of
limitations had ended. The FBI worked closely with
the Archives to
determine that the letter was
both authentic and definitely Smithsonian's
property.
The letter was written by
Darwin to thank an American geologist, Dr.
Ferdinand Vandeveer
Hayden, for sending him
copies of his research into the geology of the
region that would become
Yellowstone National
Park.
The letter is in fairly good
condition, in spite of being out of the care of
trained museum staff
for so long.
things
in order to be able to unfold it. It has some glue
on it that has colored it slightly, but nothing
that will prevent us from using it. After it
is repaired, we will take digital photos of it and
that will
be available online. One of our
goals is to get items of high research value or
interest to the public
online.
It
would now be difficult for an intern, visitor or a
thief to steal a document like this.
practices
have changed greatly since the 1970s,says
Kapsalis, we keep our high value
documents in
a safe that I don't even have access to.
happened to Darwin's letter in the 1970s?
was
recovered by the FBI.
was stolen more than
once.
was put in the archives for research
purposes.
was purchased by the Smithsonian
Archives.
did the FBI do after the recovery
of the letter?
proved its authenticity.
kept it in a special safe.
''
arrested the suspect immediately.
pressed
criminal charges in vain.
is Darwin's letter
about?
evolution of Yellowstone National
Park.
cooperation with an American geologist.
geological evidence supporting his theory.
acknowledgement of help from a professional.
will the Smithsonian Institution Archives do
with the letter according to Kapsalis?
e it
for research purposes only.
it into an
object of high interest.
it a permanent
secret.
it available online.
has the
past half century witnessed according to Kapsalis?
g interest in rare art objects.
l changes
in archiving practices.
ry of various missing
documents.
ses in the value of museum
exhibits.
Part IV Translation
(30 minutes)
Directions: For this part, you
are allowed 30minutes to translate a passage from
Chinese into
English. You should write your
answer on Answer Sheet 2.
过去,乘飞机出行对大多数中国人来说是
难以想象的。如今,随着经济的发展和生活水平
的提高,越来越多的中国人包括许多农民和外出务工人员
都能乘飞机出行。他们可以乘飞机
到达所有大城市,还有很多城市也在筹建机场。航空服务不断改进,而
且经常会有廉价机票。
近年来,节假日期间选择乘飞机外出旅游的人数在不断增加。
可靠性预计-价格英文
imagine的名词-里外的拼音
妇女节英文-legislate
收银员英语-英语学习网站推荐
夹杂-苣怎么读
应届生是什么意思-李怎么写
dozens-practic
nobody是什么意思-勒令
-
上一篇:学习英语前必须选一套经典的教材
下一篇:2016年6月英语六级第一套听力原文