-
?
英语中常用前缀、后缀
(1)
I
．常用前缀（
Prefixes
）
(2 )
il-:
(
用在字母
l
的前面
)
非，不，无
illegal; illogical;
ir-:
(
用在字母
r
的前面
)
irregular; irrational;
in-:
向内，内
indoor (
户内的
); infix (
嵌入
)
inter-:
between, among
互相，
在?之间
interchange
(
交换
)
；
international
intra-
inside,
within
在?之内
intracity;
intrastate
州内的
kilo-:
thousand
千
kilogram; kilometer
macro-:
large
大的，宏观的
macroeconomics;
mal-:
bad, badly
坏，不良，不当
malfunction;
malnutrition; maltreat
micro-:
extremely, small
极小的
microcomputer;
microscope
mid-:
middle
中间的
midday;
midnight
?
英语中的否定结构
1.
部分否定和全部否定
在英语中，有些词同
not
搭配使用时，并不是对整< /p>
个成分的否定，而是对其中的一部分加以否定。这
些
常
见
的
词
有
：
every,
everyone,
everybody,
everyday, many, all, both, often,
always,
等。对这些
词加以否定，意为“并非都是?”
，
“不是每个都
是?”
，而不应理解为“全部都不 是?”
。
All that glitters is
not gold.
Not all that glitters is
gold.
Both of you are not good
students.
Not both of you are
good students.
Rich
people
are
not
always
as
happy
as
we
have
imagined.
英语中表示
全部否定
的常用否定词有：
no,
not,
none, nobody,
nothing, nowhere, neither, never,
等
None of my friends are English-
learners.
(All my friends are not
English-learners.)
Neither of you will
be allowed to attend the party.
mini-:
small,
short
极小，极短的
minibus;
miniskirt
mis-:
bad,
badly
坏，不当
misjudge;
misunderstand
mono-:
one, single
单，一
monosyllable; monotone
multi-:
many, more than one
多
multicultural;
multicolor
non-:
not
不，非，无
nonviolence; non-
metal
out-:
outside; beyond
超越，超过，
outlive;
outnumber
over-:
too much, above,
additional
过分，
在?上面，
额外的
overhead; overpopulation
poly-:
many
多
polycentric; polydirectional
(
多方向的
)
post-:
later than, after
在?之后
postwar; postgraduate
pre-:
before, in advance
在?之前，预先
prewar; preview
(Both of you will not be allowed to
attend the party.)
I did not know
anything about the accident.
(I
did not know everything about the accident.)
She can
’
t help any of you.
(She can
’
t help all of you)
2.
半否定
< /p>
半否定是指整个句子的意义介于否定和肯定之间，
既有肯定的一面
，又有否定的一面，但否定的成分
要比肯定的成分更加强烈一些。常见的表示半否定
的词有：
little,
few,
seldom,
barely,
rarely,
scarcely,
hardly,
等。
She could hardly
recognize her daughter.
He seldom
showed his feelings.
He
was
so
weakened
by
the
disease
that
he
could
barely stand up.
注意：当把这些半否词放在句首时，句子要倒装。
3.
双重否定
常见的表示双重否定的结构有：
no
…
not
…
,
not
…
1