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Passage 17
Space is a
dangerous place, not only because of meteors but
also because of rays from
the sum and
other stars. The atmosphere again acts as our
protective blanket on earth.
Light gets
through, and this is essential for plants to make
the food which we eat. Heat,
too,
makes
our
environment
endurable.
Various
kinds
of
rays
come
through
the
air
from outer space,
but enormous quantities of radiation from the sun
are screened off.
As
soon
as
men
leave
the
atmosphere
they
are
exposed
to
this
radiation
but
their
spacesuits
or
the
walls
of
their
kspacecraft,
if
they
are
inside,
do
prevent
a
lot
of
radiation
damage.
Radiation is the greatest known
danger to explorers in space. The unit of
radiation is
called
“
rem
”
. Scientists have reason to think that a man can put up with far more
radiation than 0.1 rem without
being damaged; the figure of 60 rems has been
agreed
on.
The
trouble
is
that
it
is
extremely
difficult
to
be
sure
about
radiation
damage-a
person
may feel perfectly well, but the cells of his or
her sex organs may be damaged,
and
this
will
no
be
discovered
until
the
birth
of
deformed
children
or
even
grandchildren.
Missions of
the Apollo flights have had to cross belts of high
amount of rems. So far,
no dangerous
amounts of radiation have had to cross belts of
high amount of rems. So
far, no
dangerous amounts of radiation have been reported,
but the Apollo missions
have been quite
short. We simply do not know yet how men are going
to get on when
they spend weeks and
months outside the protection of the atmosphere,
working in a
space laboratory. Drugs
might help to decrease the damage done by
radiation, but no
really effective ones
have beenfound so far.
81.
According
to
the
first
paragraph,
the
atmosphere
is
essential
to
man
in
that_______
A) it
protects him against the haumful rays from space
B) it provides sufficient light for
plant growth
C) it supplies the heat
necessary for human survival
D) it
screens off the falling meteors
82. We
know from the passage that_____
A)
exposure to even tiny amounts of radiation is
fatal
B) the effect of exposure to
radiation is slow in coming
C)
radiation is avoidable in space exploration
D) astronauts in spacesuits
needn
’
t worry about radiation damage
83. The harm radiation has done to the
Apollo crew members_____
A) is
insignifiacant B) seems overestimated
C) is enormous D) remains unknown
84. It can be inferred from the passage
that_______
A) the Apollo mission was
very successful
B) protection from
space radiation is no easy job
C)
astronauts will have deformed children or
grandchildren
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D)
radiation is not a threat to well-protected space
explorers
85. The best title for this
passage would be _________
A) The
Atmosphere and Our Environment B) Research on
Radiation
C) Effects of Space Radiation
D) Importance of Protection Against Radiation
Passage 17
宇宙是个危险的地方，
不仅因为有流星，
还因为来自太阳与其它星 球的辐射。
大
气层实际上也起了地球保护毯的作用。
光线 可以穿过大气层，
这一点对于植物为
我们提供食用物品来说致关重要。<
/p>
热量也令我们的环境达到可以忍受的程度。
各
种来自外太空
的射线穿过大气，但无数来自太阳的射线被遮蔽了。
（８１）一旦
人离开
了大气，
他们就会暴露在射线中，
但如果他们穿着宇航服，
或是在 太空飞
行物里，就会防止很多射线伤害。
辐射
是宇宙中已知的对探险队员最大的危险。辐射的单位叫做“雷姆”
。科学家
推断人可以忍受远大于
0.1
雷姆的辐射而不受到伤害，
60< /p>
雷姆也可以。
（８２）
问题在于要判断是否受到射线伤害极
为困难——一个人也许感觉状态极佳，
他的
细胞或她的性器官可能已受到
损害了，
而这要一直到生下畸形的子女或者甚至孙
子女才会被发现。
阿波罗号的飞行任务就必须在出发和返航的路上都穿过高辐射
地带，阿波罗全
体宇航员积累了大量雷姆。
（８３）迄今为止，还没有辐射危害
数量的报
告，
但阿波罗号的飞行任务时间相当短。
我们只是不明白人们是怎样可
< p>以在大气保护层之外的太空实验室工作数周或数月。
（８４）药物也许有助于减
小辐射带来的伤害。但至今还没发现真正有效的药物。
Passage 17
Space
is a dangerous place, not only because of meteors
but also because of rays from
the sum
and other stars. The atmosphere again acts as our
protective blanket on earth.
Light gets
through, and this is essential for plants to make
the food which we eat. Heat,
too,
makes
our
environment
endurable.
Various
kinds
of
rays
come
through
the
air
from outer space,
but enormous quantities of radiation from the sun
are screened off.
As
soon
as
men
leave
the
atmosphere
they
are
exposed
to
this
radiation
but
their
spacesuits
or
the
walls
of
their
kspacecraft,
if
they
are
inside,
do
prevent
a
lot
of
radiation
damage.
Radiation is the greatest known
danger to explorers in space. The unit of
radiation is
called
“
rem
”
. Scientists have reason to think that a man can put up with far more
radiation than 0.1 rem without
being damaged; the figure of 60 rems has been
agreed
on.
The
trouble
is
that
it
is
extremely
difficult
to
be
sure
about
radiation
damage-a
person
may feel perfectly well, but the cells of his or
her sex organs may be damaged,
and
this
will
no
be
discovered
until
the
birth
of
deformed
children
or
even
grandchildren.
Missions of
the Apollo flights have had to cross belts of high
amount of rems. So far,
no dangerous
amounts of radiation have had to cross belts of
high amount of rems. So
far, no
dangerous amounts of radiation have been reported,
but the Apollo missions
have been quite
short. We simply do not know yet how men are going
to get on when
they spend weeks and
months outside the protection of the atmosphere,
working in a