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练
习
四
Directions: Read the underlined sentences carefully, and then translate them into
Chinese. You may
check your answers after you finish them.
Passage One
Anybody
over
70
who
was
brought
up
in
a
country
village
or
town
finds
the
social customs of young
people today strangely familiar. In the
1800
’
s, it was normal
to
have boys and girls pair off in a more or less
stable fashion, and such pairing often
ended in marriage.
Why have the younger people reverted so sharply to the ways of an earlier era
and simpler society? There seems to be
no clear-cut
（明确的）
answer. The cause of the
change has often been considered
to be the Second World War, but this reversion was
well
under
way
before
1939.
The
niw
social
customs
may
be
related
to
the
Great
Depression
（经济大萧条）
when a boy putting out money for a girl on dance, movies,
or the like wanted to be sure of some
return on his investment. It is also true that the
fiercely
competitive
social
life
of
the
twenties
meant
that
a
popular
girl
had
a
very
good time indeed.
But
the
majority
of
girls
were
not
popular.
They
dreaded
being
neglected
in
parties.
It
may
be
that
the
less
popular
girls
were
the
ones
who
slowly
created
the
present
democratic system, under which any girl with a
steady is just as well off as
any other
girl with a steady
（情侣）
.Since each boy wants a steady, too, and since the
number of boys and girls are about
equal, everybody seems better off at present. On
the other hand, girls would insist that
the new system was created by the boys who are
aggressive, possessive, and jealous of
all rivals.
Passage Two
It remains to be seen whether the reserves of raw materials would be sufficient to
supply a world
economy which would have grown by 500%. South-East
Asia alone
would have an energy
consumption five times greater than that of
Western Europe in
1970. Incidentally,
if the underdeveloped countries started using up
petrol at the same
rate
as
the
industrialized
areas,
then
world
reserves
would
already
be
exhausted
by
1985.
All this only goes to show just how important it is to set up a plan to conserve
and divide up fairly natural
resources on a world-wide scale.
This
is
a
matter
of life
and
death
because
world
population
is
exploding
at
an
incredible rate. By
the middle of the next century population will
expand every year
by as much as it did
in the first 1500 years after Christ. In the
southern, poor, parts of
the globe, the
figures are enough to make your hair stand on end.
Even supposing that
steps are taken to
stability
（稳定）
world population in te next 50 years, the number
of inhabitants per square kilometer
will increase by from 4 in the United States to
140
in South-East Asia. What can we do
about it?
In the first hypothesis
（
假设）
we do nothing. By the year 2000, the southern parts
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