大学生排名英译汉指导：大学英语四级考试翻译练习五六

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练习六

Directions: Read the underlined sentences carefully, and then translate them into

Chinese. You may check your answers after you finish them.

Passage One

Water

on

the

earth

is

being

recycled

continuously

in

a

process

known

as

the

hydrologic

（水）

cycle. The first step of the cycle is the evaporation of water in the

oceans.

Evaporation

is

the

process

of

water

turning

into

vapor,

which

then

forms

clouds in the sky. The second step is the water returning to the earth in the form of

precipitation (

降水

)

：

either rain, snow or ice. When the water returning to the earth

’

s surface, it runs off into the rivers, lakes, and the ocean, where the cycle begins again.

Not all water, however, stays on the surface of the earth in the hydrologic

（水）

cycle. Some of it sinks slowly into the ground through infiltration (

渗透

) and collects

under the earth

’

s surface as groundwater. This groundwater is extremely important to

life on earth, since 95 percent of the earth

’

s water is in the oceans and is too salty for

human beings or plants. Of the 5 percent on land, only .05 percent is above ground in

rivers or lakes. The rest is underground water. This underground water is plentiful and

dependable, because it doesn

’

t depend on seasonal rain or snow. It is the major source

of water for many cities. But as the population increases and the need for water also

increases,

the

groundwater

in

some

areas

is

getting

dangerously

low.

Added

to

this

problem is an increasing amount of pollution that seeps into the groundwater. In the

future, with a growing population and more poisonous waste, the hydrologic cycle we

depend on could become dangerously unbalanced.

Passage Two

Advertising in America offers some great advantages to consumers. For example,

in

order

to

keep

prices

low

through

mass

production,

companies

must

have

a

mass

market

for their products.

Mass advertising

creates mass markets.

Producers

cannot

afford

to

develop

new

products,

put

them

on

the

market

and

wait

for

customers

to

discover them. This would take too long. Demand for some products must be created.

This is done through advertising.

But

advertising

sometimes

makes

it

difficult

for

consumers

to

make

wise

decisions. The fact is that when people are constantly flooded with messages through

the mass media

（

大众媒体）

persuading them to buy particular products, many respond

by buying them.

Advertising is designed to influence an individual to buy a product. Sellers often

study human behavior to discover what will convince consumers to buy a certain item.

This reason for buying is called a buying motive.

Buying

motives

are

usually

broken

down

into

two

categories:

rational

and

emotional. Rational buying motives include the desire to save money, the desire for

comfort,

or

the

desire

for

good

workmanship.

Emotional

buying

motives

include

buying

out

of

fear,

wanting

to

be

liked,

and

wanting

to

have

something

better

than