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Passage 9
People
tend
to
be
more
impressed
by
evidence
that
seems
to
confirm
some
relationship. Thus many are convinced
their dreams are
prophetic
（预言的）
because
a
few have come true; they neglect of fail to notice
the many that have not.
Consider also
the belief that
“
the phone always rings when I
’
m in the shower.
”
If
it
does ring while you are in the shower, the event
will stand out and be remembered.
If
it
doesn
’
t
ring
while
you
are
in
the
shower,
the
event
will
stand
out
and
be
remembered. If it
doesn
’
t ring, that nonevent probably won
’
t even register
（留下印
象）
People want to see order, pattern and
meaning in the world. Consider, for example,
the
common
belief
that
things
like
personal
misfortunes,
plane
crashes,
and
deaths
“
happen in threes.
”
Such beliefs stem from the tendency of people to allow the third
event to define the time that counts as
their
“
happening together
”
is one month; if
three
crashes
occur
in
a
year,
the
period
of
time
is
stretched.
Flexible
end
points
reinforce such beliefs.
We also tend to believe what we want to
believe. A majority of people thinks they are
more
intelligent,
more
fair-minded
and
more
skilled
behind
the
wheel
of
an
automobile than the average person.
Part of the reason we view ourselves so favorably
is
that
we
use
criteria
that
work
to
our
advantage.
As
economist
Thomas
Schelling
explains,
“
Everybody ranks himself high in qualities he values: careful drivers give
weight
to
care,
skilled
drivers
give
weight
to
skill,
and
those
who
are
polite
give
weight to
courtesy.
”
This way everyone ranks high on his own scale.
Perhaps
the most important mental habit we can learn is to
be cautious
（谨慎的）
in
drawing conclusions. The
“
evidence
”
of every day life is sometimes misleading.
41. In the first paragraph the author
states that_______
A) dreams cannot be
said to be prophetic even though a few have come
true
B) dreams are prophetic because
some of them did come true
C) dreams
may come true if clearly remembered
D)
dreams and reality are closely related
42. By
“
things like
?”
“
happen in threes
”
(Para.3,Line2), the author indicates that
people
believe____________
A) personal
misfortunes tend to happen every now and then
B) personal misfortunes, plane crashes,
and deaths usually happen together
C)
misfortunes tend to occur according to certain
patterns
D) misfortunes will never
occur more than three times to a person in his
lifetime
43. The word
“
courtesy
”
(Para.4,Line 6) probably means_________-
A) good manners B) friendly relations
C) appropriate speech D) satisfactory
service
44. What can be inferred from
the passage?
A) Happenings that go
unnoticed deserve more attention
B) In
a series of misfortunes the third one is usually
the most serious
免费？宅在家学英语？怎么报名？
C) People
tend to make use of evidence that supports their
own beliefs.
D) Believers of
misfortunes happening in threes are cautious in
interpreting events
45. It can be
concluded from the passage that________
A) there is some truth even in the
wildest dreams
B) one should take
notice of other people
’
s merits
C) there is no order or pattern in
world events
D) we should not base our
conclusions on accidental evidence
Passage 9
看起来能够证实某种关系的迹象比较容易
给人留下深刻的印象。于是许多人确
信，梦是可以预言现实的，因为有一些梦已变为了现
实；
（４１）他们却没注意
到有很多梦并未变为现实。
再想想有人相信“电话总是在我洗澡的时候响”
，如果电话确实在你洗澡 的时候
响了起来，这件事就会比较突出，容易被记住。而如果电话没响，那么没发生的<
/p>
事情很可能都没给人留下印象。
人们想要弄清楚
世界的顺序、
模式与含义。
举个例子来说，
试想一下这个通常为< /p>
大家接受的迷信：
像个人不幸遭遇，
飞机失事与死亡这类事 总是
“三个一并发生”
。
（４２）
这种迷 信源自人们想让第三件事发生来确证一事实上时段的心理。
如果
一个月之
内有三架飞机失事，人们就会把“一起发生”的时段计算为一个月；而
如果在一年里有三
架飞机失事，
这个时段就被延长了。
不固定的终点增大了这类
迷信的可信度。
Passage 9
People
tend
to
be
more
impressed
by
evidence
that
seems
to
confirm
some
relationship. Thus many are convinced
their dreams are
prophetic
（预言的）
because
a
few have come true; they neglect of fail to notice
the many that have not.
Consider also
the belief that
“
the phone always rings when I
’
m in the shower.
”
If
it
does ring while you are in the shower, the event
will stand out and be remembered.
If
it
doesn
’
t
ring
while
you
are
in
the
shower,
the
event
will
stand
out
and
be
remembered. If it
doesn
’
t ring, that nonevent probably won
’
t even register
（留下印
象）
People want to see order, pattern and
meaning in the world. Consider, for example,
the
common
belief
that
things
like
personal
misfortunes,
plane
crashes,
and
deaths
“
happen in threes.
”
Such beliefs stem from the tendency of people to allow the third
event to define the time that counts as
their
“
happening together
”
is one month; if
three
crashes
occur
in
a
year,
the
period
of
time
is
stretched.
Flexible
end
points
reinforce such beliefs.
We also tend to believe what we want to
believe. A majority of people thinks they are
more
intelligent,
more
fair-minded
and
more
skilled
behind
the
wheel
of
an
automobile than the average person.
Part of the reason we view ourselves so favorably
is
that
we
use
criteria
that
work
to
our
advantage.
As
economist
Thomas
Schelling
explains,
“
Ev erybody ranks himself high in qualities he values: careful drivers give
weight
to
care,
skilled
drivers
give
weight
to
skill,
and
those
who
are
polite
give
weight to
courtesy.
”
This way everyone ranks high on his own scale.
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