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Passage Four
Questions 36 to 40 are
based on the following passage.
About
six
years
ago
I
was
eating
lunch
in
a
restaurant
in
New
York
City
when
a
woman and a young
boy sat down at the next table. I
couldn
’
t help overhearing parts
of their conversation. At one point the
woman asked:
the
boy
—
who
could
not
have
been
more
than
seven
or
eight
years
old
—
replied.
This incident stuck in my
mind because it confirmed my growing belief that
children
are changing. As far as I can
remember, my friends and I didn
’
t find out we were
“
depressed
”
until we were in high school.
The evidence of a change in children
has increased steadily in recent years. Children
don
’
t seem childlike anymore.
Children speak more
like adults, dress more like adults and behave
more like adults
than they used to.
Whether this is good or bad is
difficult to say, but it certainly is different.
Childhood
as it once was no longer
exists, why?Human development is based not only on
innate
(
天生的
)
biological
states,
but
also
on
patterns
of
access
to
social
knowledge.
Movement from one
social rote to another usually involves learning
the secrets of the
new status. Children
have always been taught adult secrets, but slowly
and in stages:
traditionally, we tell
sixth graders things we keep hidden from fifth
graders.
In the last 30 years, however,
a secret-revelation (
揭示
) machine has been installed in
98 percent of
American homes. It is called television.
Television passes information,
and
indiscriminately (
不加区分地
), to all viewers alike, be they
children
or adults. Unable to resist the temptation, many
children turn their attention
from
printed texts to the less
challenging, more vivid moving
pictures.
Communication through print,
as a matter of fact, allows for a great deal of
control
over
the
social
information
to
which
children
have
access.
Reading
and
writing
involve a complex code of symbols that
must be memorized and practices. Children
must read simple books before they can
read complex materials.
36.
According to the author, feeling depressed is
________.
A) a sure sign of a
psychological problem in a child
B) something hardly to be expected in a
young child
C) an inevitable
sign of children's mental development
D) a mental stage present in all
humans, including children
37. Traditionally, a child is supposed
to learn about the adult world ________.
A) through contact with
society
???
B) gradually and under guidance
C) naturally and by
biological instinct
?
D)through exposure to social information
38. The phenomenon
that today
’
s children seem adult- like is attributed by the author