吉林大学公共外语学院-孝顺的故事
Unit 4
Preview
1.
Listen
to
the
recording
of
the
text
and
then
fill
in
the
blanks
in
the
following sentences.
1)
an air crash; Washington; 1982
2
）
terrible crash; jet plane; Washington National Airport; bridge; Potomac;
sank; in icy-cold
water; four; survive
3)
great damage and loss of life; special; tears; helicopter team; to pick up
survivors; “the man in the
water”
4)
courage and noble character; nature; to the occasion
5)
pride; the moral power
2.
Read the text for better comprehension and answer the questions.
1)
The unusual element is the bridge, because normally, air crashes do not involve a
bridge.
Note:
The
word
“element”
here
means
factor
or
a
basic
part
of
sth
complicated..
2)
City of form and rules means a city that is shapely or beautiful and orderly, but it
suddenly turned into its opposite and
became chaotic, turned into a state of complete
disorder and confusion.
A blast of real winter: Blast means a
sudden strong movement of wind or air. The two
metals here refer to the bridge and the
plane, both of which are made of metal.
3)
From the point of view of artistic beauty, there was also a clash, because the plane
was blue and green, the river
was black, and the chunks of ice were grey.
Perhaps people did not see failure in
it at all. They only saw the triumph of human
nature over the elements.
5)
Here the
human nature and
natural powers are in conflict.
6
）
“Rise
to
the
occasion”:
Deal
successfully
with
a
problem
or
situation
that
is
especially
difficult.
“Groping
and
struggling”
refers
to
the
fact
tha
t
normally
it
is
human instinct to grope for something
to hang on to and struggle for life.
7)
The sentence means “Three out of the four acknowledged heroes…, are able to
account for their behavior.”
“Account for”: give a satisfactory
explanation
8)
“in the line of duty”: while working; while on duty
9) Skutnic added that
somebody had to go in the water saying what every
hero would
say under the circumstances,
but although the sentiment has been repeated by
many
heroes, it is still admirable.
10) It means the main reason for the
emotional impact or the person who caused the
greatest emotional impact.
11)
“mass
casualty”:
a
great
number
of
people
injured
and
killed
in
an
accident
or
battle. The word “mass” here
is an adjective, meaning affecting a lot of
peo
ple.
Also
mass
murder;
mass
killings;
mass
destruction;
mass
hysteria;
mass
protest;
mass
movement.
“commitment”:
a sense of duty and responsibility and a determination to work hard
at it.
12) As his
name remained unknown, it made him a sort of
symbol, a symbol of what
human beings
can do when they are at their best.
13)
“listening to …” is a participle phrase used as an
adverbial of manner, modifying
the
predicate of the main clause “sitting”; “tell …”
and “saying ..” are both part of the
complex object o
f “listening to”; and “to fasten …” is part of the complex object of
“tell”.
14)
in the essential, classic circumstance: in the
most basic and typical circumstance
15)
the age-old battle between humans and nature
16) go at each other:
fight each other violently
act
on
distinctions:
act
according
to
the
distinction
between
good
and
evil;
act
according to moral
principles
17) It means that when the
man in the water gave a lifeline to the people
gasping for
survival, in the same way
he seemed to be also saving the lives of those who
watched
him, making them understand
life’s true meaning.
18) “hold
it to a standoff”:
make nature unable to win the battle immediately
迫
< p>使自然接受在和人的斗争中的僵持局面，使它不能马上得逞。
Vocabulary
1.
Do
the following exercises on word formation
rules
.
1) Turn the following into their opposite by adding in- or im-:
1.
incompetence
2.
immoral
3.
impossible
4.
incomplete
5.
impersonal
6.
incredible
7.
indirect
8.
immovable
9.
immortal
10.
impolite
11.
informal
12.
improper
13.
impartial
14.
impatient
15.
incorrect
16.
incapable
17.
insignificant
18.
impractical
19.
imperfect
20.
insensitive
21.
impermissible
22.
impenetrable
23.
indifferent
24.
immovable
25.
invisible
26.
immodest
27.
immature
28.
invaluable
29.
invariable
30.
immeasurable
2
）
Guess the meaning of the following suffixes.
(1)
-ee
Referee; employee; payee; divorcee; trainee
(2)
-
eer
volunteer; pioneer; engineer; profiteer;
(3)
-ess
Stewardess;
actress;
conductress;
tigress;
lioness;
duchess;
countess; mistress; princess; hostess;
3)
Translate
the
following
expressions
paying
special
attention
to
the compound nouns in bold type made of
verbs+adverbs.
1.
经济起飞
2.
欢送会
3.
梦想复辟
4.
可耻的出卖
5.
后续讨论
6.
产品用后就扔的现代经济
7.
脸上涂脂抹粉化妆品用得太多
8.
严重的精神崩溃
9.
给了个表示许可的信号
10.
怀疑这是有意掩盖真相
11.
我们叫个外买吧
12.
在那个军事接管以后
13.
给学生一些讲义
14.
改革的好处
15.
这联盟最后的破裂
16.
学校中途撤学的人
17.
第二天清晨仍能感觉酒后头昏
18.
出来参加投票的人不多
2
．
Give the opposite of the following words.
1)
employer
2)
unfasten
3)
bad/evil
4)
unidentified
5)
concerned/caring/interested/sympathetic
6)
immovable
7)
impersonal
8)
irresponsible
9)
selfishness
10)individual/personal/specific/private
11)shallow
12)undress
13)slightly/somewhat/in part
14)deny
15)bridegroom
3.
Translate the following Chinese into English.
1)
air crashes/air collision and other natural disasters
2)
human nature and character
3)
the tail section of a jet plane
4)
huge chunks of ice
5)
flotation ring
6)
fasten the seat belt
7)
cultural conflict
/clash
8)
Flight 911
9)
mechanic failure
10)
human tragedy
11)
harsh remarks
12)
make a distinction between good and evil
13)
presidential monuments
14)
typical/classic circumstance
15)
universal character
16)
public hero
17)
emotional impact
18)
moment of high traffic (peak)
19)
enduring wonder
20)
Air Florida
21)
Congressional Budget Office
22)
mass casualties
4.
Complete the sentences with the expressions listed below in their
proper forms.
1)
refer to; known as