重庆邮电大学录取分数线中国驻英国大使刘晓明在诺丁汉大学的演讲(双语)

I have been asked to talk about China's role in the world economy today, a topic that would be unimaginable 30

years ago. But China is now an integral part of the world economy:

第一，中国是世界经济和贸 易增长的引擎。改革开放

32

年来，中国的

GDP

总量由

1978

年的

2600

多亿美

元增加到去年的

4.9

万亿美元，实现了年均

10%< /p>

左右的增长，相应地，中国对世界经济的贡献率也大幅提

升。

1978

年，中国对世界经济增长的拉动为

0.1

个百分点，贡 献率为

2.3%

；到国际金融危机前的

2007

年 ，

中国对世界经济增长的拉动已提高到

0.7

个百分点， 贡献率上升到

19.2%

，位居世界第一。

2008

年和

2009

年，由于很多发达国家经济陷入衰退或低增长，而中国经 济分别保持增长

9%

和

8.7%

，中国对世界经济 增

长的贡献率更是大幅提高。根据世界银行副行长林毅夫先生的预测，

2 010

年估计全球经济增长

2.7%

，假定

中国经济继续增长

8%

，那么在

2.7%

的增长 当中，中国的贡献率将进一步提升到

30%

。

Firstly, China has become an important driver for the world economy and trade. Over the 32 years of reform and

opening-up, China's GDP has grown from 260 billion US dollars in 1978 to 4.9 trillion, an average annual growth

rate of about 10%. And as its GDP grows, so China's contribution to the world economy also increases. In 1978,

China contributed 0.1 percentage point or 2.3% to global economic growth, but by 2007, these figures had jumped

to 0.7 percentage point and 19.2%, making China the biggest contributor among all countries. In 2008 and 2009

when

many

developed

countries

slid

into

recession,

China

continued

to

grow

at

9%

and

8.7%

respectively,

contributing still more to the world economy. And as World Bank Vice President Justin Yifu Lin has estimated, the

global economy will grow by 2.7% this year and 30% of that growth will come from China if it sustains an 8%

growth rate.

在全球化的大背景下，国际贸易是全球经济增长的助推器。

1978

年，中国进出 口贸易总额为

206

亿美元，

占世界贸易比重仅为

0.8%

；

2008

年，中国对外贸易额达到

万亿美元，占世界贸易的

7.9%

。

2009

年，

由于受国际金融危机的影响，

中国对外贸易 额下降至

2.2

万亿美元，

但在世界贸易总额中的比重，

却由

2008

年的

7.9%

提高到

9%

，成为世界第一大出口国和第二大进口国，对外贸易总量居世界第二。世贸组 织发布

的《

2009

年世界贸易报告》认为，中国正成为 全球贸易增长的引擎。

In 1978, China's trade was 20.6 billion US dollars or 0.8% of the world's total, these figures had grown in 2008 to

2.56 trillion and 7.9%. However, as a result of the financial crisis, China's trade dropped to 2.2 trillion US dollars

in

2009,

although

accounting

for

9%

of

that

year's

world

total,

making

China

the

world's

largest

exporter

and

second

largest

importer.

According

to

the

World

Trade

Report

2009

by

the

World

Trade

Organisation

(WTO),

China is becoming the engine driving trade growth globally.

第二、中国是危机时刻负责任、可信赖的伙伴。

1997

年，亚洲金融危机爆发，当时，全世界几乎异口同声

地宣称：人民币应当贬值，否则中国 经济将面临灭顶之灾。然而，中国政府经过多方面权衡，本着高度负

责的态度，从维护本 地区稳定和发展的大局出发，做出人民币不贬值的决定，承受了巨大压力，付出了很

大代 价。此举对亚洲乃至世界金融、经济的稳定和发展起到了重要作用。

Secondly, China is a reliable partner in times of crisis. During the 1997 Asian financial crisis, many were expecting

the RMB to depreciate or the Chinese economy would be ruined. China decided to keep the value of the RMB as it

was. This decision put China under huge pressure for which it has paid a price. It did however help to uphold the

financial and economic stability and development in Asia and the world.

2008

年，国际金融危机爆发，中国首先努力做好自己的事情，及时调 整了宏观经济政策，果断实施积极的

财政政策和适度宽松的货币政策，出台了旨在进一步 扩大内需、促进经济增长的一揽子计划。同时，中国

积极倡导国际合作，提出了国际社会 携手应对、共克时艰的理念；加强与主要经济体宏观经济政策的协调；

积极参与二十国集 团峰会进程；坚决反对贸易保护主义，维护世界自由贸易体系；积极加强双边、区域和

多 边经贸合作，组织大型采购团赴海外采购

;

中国还承诺购买不超过

500

亿美元的国际货币基金组织债券。

中国在国际社会应对金融危机的 过程中，扮演了重要角色，发挥了建设性作用。

In

2008

when

the

international

financial

crisis

broke out,

China

made

timely

adjustments

to

its

macroeconomic

policy,

quickly

putting

together

a

stimulus

package

aimed

at

expanding

domestic

demands

and

stimulating

economic

growth.

China

also

called

on

countries

to

weather

the

storm

together.

We

strengthened

macro

policy

coordination with other leading economies and took an active part in the G20 summits. China called for free trade

and

intensified

business

cooperation

bilaterally,

regionally

and

multilaterally,

through

sending

buying

missions

overseas,

among

others.

China

also

committed

itself

to

buying

up

to

50

billion

US

dollars

in

International

Monetary Fund (IMF) bonds.

不久前，欧洲一些国家出现主权债务危机，中国坚定支持欧元区和国际货币基金组织联手 启动救援机制。

中国没有抛售欧元资产，给欧元以巨大支持。就在本月，中国国务院副总 理张德江访问了希腊，两国企业

签署了

14

项商业协议， 包括中方在希腊建造干散货船，开发宾馆和购物中心，建设机场、物流中心和海洋

主题公 园，进口希腊生产的橄榄油等，协议总额近

100

亿欧元。这对希腊来说无疑是雪 中送炭。同样是本

月，中国与冰岛签署了金额为

35

亿元 人民币（约合

5

亿美元）的双边本币互换协议，这既有利于中冰双边

贸易，也有助于冰岛经济复苏。

During the recent European sovereign debt crisis, China stood firmly behind the Euro Zone and the IMF as they

worked

together

to

launch

an

aid

plan,

by

not

selling

its

Euro

assets.

And

during

a

recent

visit

to

Greece,

the

Chinese Vice Premier Zhang Dejiang took with him 14 much-needed agreements worth nearly 10 billion Euros.

These ranged from the construction of bulk cargo ships, airport facilities, a logistic hub and an ocean park, to the

purchase of olive oil. This month has also seen China signing a bilateral currency swap agreement with Iceland,

worth about 500 million US dollars to facilitate bilateral trade and to help with the economic recovery of Iceland.

就在一周前， 鉴于当前全球经济逐步复苏，中国经济回升向好的基础进一步巩固及经济运行趋于平稳，中

国宣布进一步推进人民币汇率形成机制改革，增强人民币汇率弹性。此举受到国际社会的普遍欢迎。

Just a week ago, China announced further steps to reform the RMB exchange rate regime and enhance the RMB's

exchange rate flexibility, as the world economy improves and China's economic recovery is on a solid footing.

第三，中国是国际金融体系改革的坚定推 动者。国际金融危机的爆发和蔓延，充分暴露了国际金融体系的

诸多缺陷与弊端，同时也 强有力地表明了国际金融体系改革的必要性和紧迫性。中国支持二十国集团领导

人峰会成 为国际社会共同应对国际金融危机、加强国际经济合作的重要和有效平台。在

2008

召开的二十国集团领导人首次金融峰会上，中国国家主席胡锦涛先生提 出坚持全面性、均衡性、渐进性、

实效性的原则，推动国际金融体系改革朝着公平、公正 、包容、有序方向发展，营造有利于世界经济健康

发展的制度环境。此后，无论是伦敦峰 会、匹兹堡峰会还是上周末举行的多伦多峰会，中国都坚定地主张

加快国际金融机构改革 ，加强国际金融监管。

Thirdly, China stands for the reform of the international financial system. The recent financial crisis has laid bare

many

deficiencies

in

the

international

financial

system.

China

supports

the

G20

summit's

role

as

a

major

and

effective platform for international efforts to tackle the financial crisis and step up economic cooperation. President

Hu

Jintao

proposed,

at

the

Washington

G20

summit

in

2008,

an

all-round,

balanced,

incremental

and

result- oriented approach to move the reforms in a more equitable, inclusive and well-managed direction. At more

recent summits in London, Pittsburgh and last weekend in Toronto, China called for the speeding up of reform to

the international financial institutions (IFIs) and for tougher financial regulation.

中国通过“金砖四国”领导人会谈 、中非合作论坛等平台，增进新兴市场国家和发展中国家在改革国际金

融体系问题上的共 识，推动提高发展中国家在国际金融机构中的代表性和发言权，共同促进国际金融体系

的 变革。中国积极主张完善国际货币体系，健全储备货币发行调控机制，保持主要储备货币汇率相对稳定，

促进国际货币体系多元化、合理化。

China has worked for more agreement among the emerging markets and developing countries on the reforms to